نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه علوم گیاهی دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زیست شناسی سلولی و تکوینی، گروه علوم گیاهی دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

10.22051/jab.2024.46604.1617

چکیده

مقدمه: هورمون‌ها تقریبا در تمام جنبه‌های رشد و نمو و تمایز گیاهان نقش دارند. از اینرو در پژوهش حاضر اثر هورمون‌های اکسین و جیبرلین بر ساختار تشریحی اندام‌های رویشی و نمو اندام‌های زایشی در گیاه خیار (Cucumis sativus L.cv. superniaF1) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهشی در قالب طرح آزمایشی بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی به صورت فاکتوریل در 9 تیمار و3 تکرار انجام گرفت. تیمار‌ها شامل اکسین به فرم نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA) در غلظت‌های (mg l-1100-50-0) وجیبرلیک اسید (GA3) در غلظت‌های (mg l-150-25-0) هر ده روز یکبار تا پایان گلدهی روی بوته‌ها محلول پاشی گردید. از اندام‌های رویشی برش دستی و از اندام‌های زایشی برش‌گیری میکروتومی انجام شد.
نتایج و بحث: اثر تیمارهای هورمونی مختلف بر روی ضخامت لایه‌های پوست، منطقه آوند آبکش و چوبی، قطر دهانه آوند چوبی ریشه، ساقه و برگ، ضخامت پهنک برگ، و همچنین بر طول کرک‌های دمبرگ و برگ معنی‌دار بود. نتایج بررسی اندام زایشی نر نشان داد که در غلظت‌های بالای هر دو هورمون، تقسیم زود هنگام هسته در مرحله مادر میکروسپور و تتراد مشاهده شد. همچنین دیواره کالوزی نه تنها در اطراف سلو‌‌ل‌های تتراد و میکروسپور‌‌‌ها بلکه در اطراف گرده‌های بالغ نیز دیده شد و پایداری زیادی پیدا کرده بود که از جداسازی آن‌ها ممانعت بعمل آورد. می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که غلظت‌های بالای دو هورمون در تولید دانه‌های گرده طبیعی و شکوفایی بساک نقش بازدارندگی نشان دادند در حالیکه غلظت‌های میانی، نمو دانه‌های گرده را تسریع نمودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Exogenous Gibberellic Acid and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on the Anatomical Structure of Vegetative Organs and the Development of Male Reproductive Organs in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Supernia F1)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parissa Jonoubi 1
  • Masoumeh Arang 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Master's degree in Cellular and Developmental Biology, Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Plant growth regulators exert significant effects on the anatomical structure, differentiation of floral primordia, and development of reproductive organs in plants. This experiment investigated the impacts of auxin and gibberellin on the vegetative and reproductive development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. Supernia F1).
Materials and methods: A factorial experiment was conducted as the basis of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included naphthalene acetic acid at concentrations of 0, 50, and 100 mg l-1, and gibberellic acid at concentrations of 0, 25, and 50 mg l-1, which were sprayed on the plants every ten days until the end of flowering.
Results and discussion: Anatomical studies had significant impacts on the thickness of the cortex layers, the phloem and xylem regions, the diameter of the xylem opening of the root, stem, and leaf, the thickness of the petiole and pith of the stem and leaf trichome at various hormonal levels. The investigation of male reproductive organs revealed that at high concentrations of both hormones, earlier nuclear division occurred during the microspore mother cell and tetrad stages. Additionally, callose walls were observed not only surrounding the tetrad cells and microspores but also around the mature pollen grains, exhibiting high persistence that prevented their separation. It can be concluded that high concentrations of the two hormones inhibited the production of normal pollen grains and anther dehiscence, whereas intermediate concentrations of both hormones accelerated pollen development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • anther
  • Bicollateral vascular bundle
  • development
  • pollen grain
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