Alam, A., Juraimi, A.S., Rafii M.Y., Abdul Hamid A. and Aslani. F. (2014) Screening of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) accessions for high salt tolerance. Scientific World Journal 1-12.
Alsaadawi, I.S., Rice E.L. and Karns, T.K.B. (1983) Allelopathic effects of Polygonum aviculare L. III. Isolation, characterization, and biological activities of phytotoxins other than phenols. Journal of Chemical Ecology 9: 761–774.
An, M., Pratley J.E. and Haig, T. (1997) Phytotoxicity of Vulpia Residues: I. Investigation of Aqueous Extracts. Journal of Chemical Ecology23: 1979–1994.
Anderson, T. and Darling, D. )1952(. Asymptotic theory of certain “goodness of fit” criteria based on stochastic processes .The Annals of Mathematical Statistics 23: 193–212.
Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. (1998) Seeds: ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, London.
Baskin J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (2004) A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research 14: 1-16.
Baskin, C.C., P. Milberg., L. Andersson and J.M. Baskin. (2004) Germination ecology of the annual weeds Capsella bursa-pastoris and Descurainia Sophia originating from high northern latitudes. Weed Research 44: 60-68.
Benvenuti, S. and Macchia, M. (1995) Hypoxia effect on buried weed seed germination. Weed Research 35: 343-351.
Benvenuti, S., Macchia M. and Miele, S. (2001) Quantitative analysis of emergence of seedlings from buried weed seeds with increasing soil depth. Weed Science 49: 528–535.
Bostro¨m U., Milberg P. and Fogelfors, H. (2003) Yield loss in spring-sown cereals related to the weed flora in the spring. Weed Science 51:418–424.
Brainard, D.C., DiTommaso A. and Mohler, C.L. (2007) Intraspecific variation in seed characteristics of Powell Amaranth (Amaranthus powellii ) from habitats with contrasting crop rotation histories. Weed Science 55: 218–226.
Bulcke, R., Willemijns, P., Stryckers, J. and Himme, M. (1987) Weed competition in maize. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen, Rijksuniversiteit Gent 52: 1185–1194.
Catullo, J.C., Sosa, C.A., Rodriguez, M.L. and Colombo, I. (1983) Weed incidence in wheat in relation to fertilization. Malezas, 11: 179–203. [in Spanish, English abstract].
Chauhan, B. S., Gill, G. and Preston, C. (2006) Influence of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Weed Science 54: 1004–1012.
Chung, I.M., Kim, K.J., Kim, K.H. and Ahn, J.K. (1994) Allelopathic effect of some weed species extracts and residues
[PA1] [P2] on alfalfa. Korean Journal of Crop Science 39: 285–294.
Copeland, L.O. and McDonald, M. (2001) Principles of seed science and Technology. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Norwell, MA, USA.
Delanoy, M., Van Damme, P., Scheldeman, X. and Beltran, J. (2006) Germination of Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) L. H. Bailey, Passiflora tricuspis Mast. and Passiflora nov. sp. seeds. Scientific Horticulture 110:198–203.
De Cauwer, B., Devos, R., Claerhout, S., Bulcke, R. and Reheul, D. (2014) Seed dormancy, germination, emergence and seed longevity in Galinsoga parviflora and G. quadriradiata. Weed Research 54: 38–47.
du Croix, M., Sissons, J., Van Acker, R.C., Derksen, D.A. and Thomas, A.G. (2000) Depth of seedling recruitment of five weed species measured in situ in conventional- and zero-tillage fields. Weed Science 48: 327–332.
Friesen, G. and Shebeski, L.H. (1960) Economic losses caused by weed competition in Manitoba grain fields. I. Weed species, their relative abundance and their effect on crop yields. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 40:457–467.
Gruenhagen, R.D. and J. D. Nalewaja. (1969) Competition between flax and wild buckwheat. Weed Science 17:380–384.
Harrison, S.K., Regnier, E.E., Schmoll, J.T. and Harrison, J.M. (2007) Seed size and burial effects on giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida) emergence and seed demise. Weed Science 55: 16–22.
Heywood, V.H., R.K. Brummitt., A. Culham and O. Seberg. (2007) Flowering plant families of the world, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, 424 pp.
Hilhorst, H.W.M. (1995) A critical update on seed dormancy. I. Primary dormancy. Seed Science Research.5: 61-73.
Hume, L., J. Martinez and K. Best. (1983) The biology of Canadian weeds. 60. Polygonum convolvulus L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 63:959–971.
ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). (1999) International rules for seed testing, Seed Science and Technology.
Jones, R., Alemeged, Y., Medd, R. and Vere, D. (2000) The distribution, density and economic impact of weeds in Australian annual winter cropping systems. CRC for Weed Management Systems Technical Series No. 4, University of Adelaide, Australia. 58 pp.
Karimmojeny, H., Rezvani, M., Zaefarian, F. and Nikneshan, P. (2014) Environmental and maternal factors affecting on oriental mustard (Sisymbrium orientale L.) and musk weed (Myagrum perfoliatum L.) seed germination. Brazilian Journal of Botany 37: 121–127.
Kearney, T.H., Peebles, R.H., Howell, J.T. and McClintock, E. (1960) Arizona flora. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1085 p.
Kim, K.U., Y. G. Park and S. H. Kwack. (1995) Development of useful secondary product through plant cell culture. Korean Journal of Weed Science 15: 154–159.
Kropff, M.J., Lotz, L.A.P., Weaver, S.E., Jbos, H., Wallinga, J. and Migo, T. (1995) A two parameter model for prediction of crop loss by weed competition from early observations of relative leaf area of the weeds. Annales applied Biology 126: 329-346.
Lipecki, J. (2005) Weeds predominating in orchards throughout the world – a review paper. XXth Mtg. of the Herbological Team, Committee of Hort. Sci., Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa – Olsztyn, pp. 36-41 (in Polish with English Astract).
López, J.A. and Mattiacci, M.R. (1983) Damage caused by prostrate knotweed (Polygonum aviculare L.) during the establishment of a sown pasture. Malezas. 11: 246–251.
Kamkar, B., Ahmadi, M., Soltani, A. and Zeinali, E. (2008) Evaluating non-linear regression models to describe response of wheat emergence rate to temperature. Seed Science Technology2: 53-57.
Lu, P., Sang, W. and Ma, K. (2006) Effects of environmental factors on germination and emergence of crofton weed (Eupatorium adenophorum). Weed Science 54: 452–457.
Magee, D.W. and Ahles, H.E. (2007) Flora of the Northeast: A manual of the vascular flora of New England and adjacent New York. 2nd ed. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press. 1214 p.
Maguire, J.D. (1962). Speed of germination-aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Science. 2:176-177.
Manthey, D.R. and Nalawaja, J.D. (1987). Germination of two foxtail (Setaria) species. Weed Technology. 1: 302–304.
Martins, B.A.B. and Christoffoleti, P.J. 2014. Buttonweed emergence as affected by seed burial depth and straw on the soil surface. Scientia Agricola 72: 489-494.
Meerts, P. (1995) Phenotypic plasticity in the annual weed Polygonum aviculare. Botanica Acta 108: 414-424.
Mennan, H. and Ngouajio, M. 2006. Seasonal cycles in germination and seedling emergence of summer & winter population of catch weed bed straw (Gallium aparine) and wild mustard (Brassicae kaber). Weed Science 54: 114-120.
Mertens, S.K., Bosch, F.V.D and Heesterbeek, J.A.P. (2002) Weed populations and crop rotations: Exploring dynamics of a structured periodic system. Ecological Applications 12: 1125–1141.
Minbashi Moeini, M., Esfandiari, H., Pour Azar, R., Baghestani, M.A., Zand, E., Veisi. M., Sabeti, P., Jamali, M.R., Hatami, S., Haghighi, A., Makenali, A., Mousavi, S.K., Nazer Kakhki, S.H., Narimani, V., Nour Alizadeh, M., Valiyollah Pour, R. and Nouroozzadeh, S. (2015) Evaluation of weed management in wheat fields of different area of Iran. Iranian Journal of Weed Science. 11:13-26.
Mozaffarian, V. (2012) A revision of Polygonum L. sensu lato, (Polygonaceae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Botany 18: 159–174.
Nandula, V.K., Eubank, T.W., Poston, D.H., Koger, C.H. and Reddy, K.N. (2006) Factors affecting germination of horseweed. Weed Science 54: 898-902
Norris, R.F. and Schoner, C.A. (1980) Yellow foxtail (Setaria lutescens) biotype studies: dormancy and germination. Weed Science 28: 159–163.
Paolini, R., Del Puglia, S., Principi, M., Barcellona, O. and Riccardi, E. (1998) Competition between safflower and weeds as influenced by crop genotype and sowing time. Weed Research 38: 247–255.
Pezzani, F. and Montan˜a, C. (2006). Inter- and intraspecific variation in the germination response to light quality and scarification in grasses growing in two-phase mosaics of the Chihuahuan desert. Annales of Botany 97:1063–1071.
Reddy, K.N. and Singh, M. (1992) Germination and emergence of hairy beggarticks (Bidens pilosa). Weed Science 40: 195-199.
Royer, F. and Dickinson, R. (1999) Weeds of the northern U.S. and Canada: a guide for identification. Edmonton, AB: The University of Alberta Press; Renton, WA: Lone Pine Publishing. 434 p.
Shimono, Y. and Kudo, G. (2003) Intraspecific variations in seedling emergence and survival of Potentilla matsumurae (Rosaceae) between alpine fellfield and snowbed habitats. Annales of Botany 91:21–29.
Shoab
[PA3] , M., Tanveer, A., Khaliq, A. and Haider, A.H. (2012) Effect of seed size and ecological factors on germination of Emex spinosa. World Applied Science Journal 17: 964–969.
Stevenson, F.C. and Wright, A.T. (1996) Seeding rate and row spacing affect flax yields and weed interference. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 76: 537–544.
Sultan, S.E. and Bazzaz, F.A. (1993a) Phenotypic plasticity in Polygonum persicaria. I. Diversity and uniformity in geno- typic norms of reaction to light. Evolution 47:1009-1031.
Sultan, S.E. and Bazzaz, F.A. (1993b) Phenotypic plasticity in Polygonum persicaria. II. Norms of reaction to soil mois- ture, ecological breadth, and the maintenance of genetic diversity. Evolution 47:1032-1049.
Sultan, S.E. and Bazzaz, F.A. (1993c) Phenotypic plasticity in Polygonum persicaria. III. The evolution of ecological breadth for nutrient environment. Evolution 47:1050-1071.
Tardif, M.C. and Francois, J. (2005) The biology of Canadian weeds. 131. Polygonum aviculare L. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 85: 481-506.
Timson, J. (1966) The germination of Polygonum convolvulus L. New Phytologist. 65: 423-428.
Wang, B.S.P. and P. Berjak. 2000. Beneficial effects of moist chilling on the seeds of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B. S. P.). Annals of Botany 86: 29- 36.
Wartidiningsih, N., Geneve, R.L. and Kester, S.T. (1994) Osmotic priming or chilling stratification improves seed germination of purple coneflower. Horticultural Science 29: 1445-1448.
Wright, D. and Baloch, M.K. (1999) Effects of seven common arable weeds on the yield of normal and semi-leafless pea varieties. Tests Agrochemical Culture 20: 54–55.
)