نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانشگاه زنجان،دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست شناسی

3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران

4 دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست

چکیده

غلظت آنتی­بیوتیک­ها در خاک بر اثر اضافه کردن کود مرغی آلوده به آنتی­بیوتیک افزایش می­یابد و ممکن است جامعه میکروبی خاک را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. هدف این پژوهش تاثیر اضافه نمودن کود مرغی محتوی انروفلوکساسین به خاک بر جمعیتAzotobacter spp.، Pseudomonas fluorescens و Pseudomonas putida و همچنین بیوماس میکروبی و تنفس میکروارگانیسم­های خاک است. یک آزمایش در آزمایشگاه به مدت 45 روز  با 7 تیمار و سه تکرار انجام شد. این آزمایش شامل کود مرغی تازه و کمپوست شده محتوی آنتی­بیوتیک دردو سطح غلظتی بالا ( mg kg-12/26) و پایین (mg kg-123/4) و کود مرغی بدون آنتی­بیوتیک بر مبنای طرح کرت­های به‌طورکامل تصادفی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد کاربرد کود مرغی حاوی آنتی­بیوتیک منجر به کاهش جمعیت Azotobacter spp.(%28)، Pseudomonas fluorescens(%73) و Pseudomonas putida(%6/14) در خاک­ها شد. کمپوست کردن کود مرغی نیز اگرچه اثر منفی آن را کمتر کرد اما همچنان کاهش جمعیت وجود داشت. کاربرد کود مرغی تازه بدون آنتی بیوتیک سبب افزایش 127 درصدی تنفس میکروبی خاک نسبت به شاهد شد اما بین سایر تیمارهای مختلف کاربرد کود مرغی تفاوت معنی­دار دیده نشد. کاربرد کود مرغی بدون آنتی­بیوتیک کربن بیوماس میکروبی را به طور معنی­داری افزایش داد (%95). وجود آنتی­بیوتیک در کود مرغی تاثیر منفی بر غلظت کربن بیوماس میکروبی داشت. به طور کلی رهاسازی و انتشار آنتی­بیوتیک­ها در خاک بر اثر افزودن کود مرغی به مزارع حتی اگر قبل از مصرف کمپوست شده باشد، باعث کاهش رشد گروه­های باکتریایی مفید خاک شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of chicken manure containing enrofloxacin on soil respiration, microbial biomass, and population of some beneficial bacteria

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahsa Mohammadzadeh 1
  • forouzan Ghasemian Roudsari 2
  • Akbar Hassani 3
  • Abbasali Zamani 4

1 Department of Envirnmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, I. R. Iran

2 Department of Biology,Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran,

3 Soil Science Department, Faculty of agriculture, University of zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

4 Department of Envirnmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, I. R. Iran

چکیده [English]

The concentration of antibiotics in the soil increases with the addition of fresh or composed chicken manure containing antibiotics and may affect the microbial community of the soil. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding enrofloxacin containing chicken manure to soil on the population of Azotobacter spp, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens, as well as microbial biomass and respiration of soil. An experiment was conducted in a laboratory for 45 days with 7 treatments and three replications including fresh and composted chicken manure containing enrofloxacin in two levels of high (26.2 mg kg-1) and low (4.23 mg kg-1) concentrations and manure without any antibiotic based on a completely randomized design. The results showed that the application of chicken manure containing enrofloxacin reduced the population of Azotobacter spp (28 percent), Pseudomonas fluorescens (73 percent) and Pseudomonas putida (14.6 percent) in the soils. However, the composting of chicken manure, although reducing its negative effect, still led to a decline in population. Application of fresh chicken manure led to a 127 percent increase in microbial respiration of the soil compared to control but between other treatments there was no meaningful difference. The use of chicken manure without antibiotic significantly increased the microbial biomass (95 percent). The presence of high concentration of enrofloxacin in poultry manure had a negative effect on the microbial biomass increase, especially at the beginning of the period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azotobacter
  • Compost
  • Pseudomonas fluorescens
  • Pseudomonas putida
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