نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
هدف از تحقیق حاضر، بررسی تغییرات شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی در بین گروه‌های اکولوژیک جنگل‌های صلاح الدین کلا، نوشهر می‌باشد. برای این منظور تعداد 76 قطعه نمونه 400 متر مربعی، در امتداد دو گرادیان ارتفاعی (1400-100 متر) که به فاصله 1 کیلومتر از یکدیگر قرار داشتند، برداشت گردید. سپس با استفاده از تحلیل TWINSPAN و بر مبنای درصد تاج پوشش گونه‌ها، تعداد 5 گروه اکولوژیک طبقه‌بندی گردید. نتایج آنالیز‌های رج‌بندی و تحلیل واریانس یک‌طرفه نشان دادند که بین گروه-های اکولوژیک منطقه علاوه بر تفاوت از نظر ترکیب گونه‌ای، از نظر شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی گیاهی نیز تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد به‌طوری‌که گروه‌های اکولوژیک اول و دوم که نماینده تیپ ممرز می‌باشند و از نظر ارتفاع از سطح دریا در پایین‌ترین حد ارتفاعی منطقه قرار داشته، از نظر وضعیت شاخص‌های تنوع سیمپسون و شانون- وینر و یکنواختی سیمپسون در بالاترین سطح و گروه‌های سوم، چهارم و پنجم بوده که در محدودن ارتفاعی بالاتری قرار دارند و نماینده تیپ‌های مختلف راش در سطح منطقه می‌باشند دارای بالاترین میزان شاخص غلبه بودند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که تغییرپذیری غنای گونه‌ای در بین گروه‌ها چندان بارز نمی‌باشد. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که عامل ارتفاع از سطح دریا می‌تواند به عنوان یه فاکتور محیطی مهم، نقش تعیین کننده‌ای در تغییرات شاخص‌های تنوع زیستی گیاهی و تفکیک جوامع گیاهی و پراکنش آنها در منطقه ایفا کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Changes of plant biodiversity indices in ecological species groups along an altitudinal gradient
نویسندگان [English]
- kazem nourmohammadi 1
- omid esmailzadeh 2
1 MSc student, Tarbiat Modares University
2 Assistant Professor Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده [English]
In this paper we described variations of plant biodiversity indices in the plant communities of Salaheddinkola forests, Nowshahr. For this purpose, plant species floristically data with some environmental properties have been recorded in 76 plots (400 m2) along two altitudinal gradients (200–2300 m a.s.l.). Five ecological species groups were distinguished by using the results of TWINSPAN which were done based on floristic cover data. The comparison of diversity indices between ecological groups were done by ANOVA test and DCA Analysis. Results showed that biodiversity indices had significant differences between plant communities. The plant communities I and II, which represents Carpinus betulus-Parrotia persica forests and located in lower elevations had the largest values of Simpson’s Diversiry index, shannon’s Diversiry index and Shannon Evenness index. As well as, Simpson Dominance was maximum in the III, IV and V plant communities, which represents the beech forests at the higher altitudinal ranges. Result also showed that there was no clear trend in Richness index’s along the altitudinal gradient. Finally, we concluded that altitude was a basic factor in variations of plant biodiversity indices and distribution of plant communities in this area.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- altitude
- ordination
- Plant biodiversity
- Salaheddinkola forests TWINSPAN
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