نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ،گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- ایران

2 1- دانشیار ، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه زابل- ایران 2- گروه بیوانفورماتیک دانشگاه زابل

3 استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، پژوهشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

4 استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: انگور یاقوتی زودرس ترین انگور در ایران و دارای طعم خوب و مقاومت گرمایی و خشکی بالا می باشد ولی تراکم خوشه بالایی دارد.

مواد و روش‌ها: تغییرات فیزیولوژیکی و میزان انباشت برخی مواد فیزیولوژیک، تحت سه هورمون جیبرلیک اسید، ایندول 3-استیک اسید، و آبسیزیک اسید به ترتیب با غلظت‌های mg/L40، mg/L20، و mM/L50 بررسی شد.

نتایج و بحث: آبسیزیک اسید بیشترین تاثیر را در افزایش میزان کلروفیل کل و کارتنوئید داشت. میانگین میزان کلروفیل کل در مرحله پیش از گلدهی (51/25)، گلدهی (76/18) و بعد از گلدهی (16/26) میلی‌گرم در میلی‌لیتر بدست آمد. تحت تاثیر هر سه تیمار هورمونی سطح پروتئین تا 70 درصد کاهش می‌یابد. تیمار جیبرلین در مرحله سوم نمو خوشه سبب افزایش 26 درصدی سطح کربوهیدرات شد. آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز تحت تاثیر ایندول استیک اسید افزایش سطح پیدا کرده اما سایر تیمارهای هورمونی سبب کاهش میزان این آنزیم در انگور یاقوتی شده است. بیشترین کاهش آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز مربوط به تیمار جیبرلین با کاهش تقریبا 80 درصدی نسبت به نمونه شاهد در مرحله اول و دوم نمو خوشه مشاهده شد. همچنین در مرحله سوم نمو خوشه کاهش 55 درصدی میزان آنزیم گایاکول پراکسیداز بدست آمد. آسکوربات پراکسیداز تحت تاثیر تیمار آبسزیک اسید افزایش یافت. هر سه هورمون سبب کاهش سطح فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز در مراحل رشدی شده‌اند. ایندول استیک اسید در مراحل رشدی سبب افزایش فعالیت پلی فنل اکسیداز گردید. جیبرلین غیر از اندک افزایش فعالیت آنزیم آسکوربات پراکسیداز در مرحله گلدهی، فعالیت سه آنزیم دیگر را در تمام مراحل رشدی به شدت کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of hormonal treatments in physiological alterations of Sistan Yaghooti grapes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nooshin Kalkali 1
  • Abbasali Emamjomeh 2
  • Yasoub Shiri 3
  • Mahmood Solouki 4

1 Master's student, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Iran

2 1- Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Iran 2- Department of Bioinformatics, Zabol University

3 Assistant Professor. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agriculture Research Center, Zabol Research Institute, Zabol, Iran

4 Professor, Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Zabol University, Zabol, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Yaghooti grape is the earliest ripening grape in Iran and has advantages such as good taste and high heat and drought resistance; but it has highly cluster density.

Materials and methods: Physiological alterations of Yaghooti grape in three growth stages, as well as the amount of accumulation of some physiological substances, under the three hormones gibberellic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and abscisic acid.

Results and discussion: Abscisic acid hormone had the most positive effect on total chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. The average amount of total chlorophyll was equal to (25.51), (18.76) and (26.16) mg/ml in the pre-flowering, flowering, and post-flowering stages, respectively. Under three hormones, the protein level is greatly reduced by 70%, Gibberellin treatment in the third stage of cluster development caused a 26% increase in carbohydrate level. The guaiacol peroxidase increased under indole acetic acid, but other hormonal treatments decreased the amount of this enzyme in Yaghooti grapes. The biggest reduction was related to gibberellin treatment with nearly 80% of the control sample in the first and second stage of cluster development and 55% in the third stage. The amount of ascorbate peroxidase enzyme was accompanied by an upward trend under influence of abscisic acid. Also, all three hormones almost caused a decrease in catalase enzyme activity in all three developmental stages. Indole acetic acid increased the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzyme during stages. Gibberellin, apart from slightly increasing the activity of ascorbate peroxidase enzyme during flowering, strongly reduced the activity of three other enzymes during all stages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidants
  • chlorophyll
  • grapes
  • phytohormones
  • plant physiology
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