نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یادگار امام (ره)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جنس Rutilus یکی از جنس‌های مهم خانواده کپورماهیان سرمخروطی Leuciscidae است که اعضای آن از شرق سیبری تا غرب اروپا پراکنده شده‌اند. همواره شناسایی گونه‌ها و جمعیت‌های این جنس به دلیل شباهت‌های بالای ریختی و وجود جمعیت‌های حد واسط برای محققان مشکل‌ساز بوده است. اگر چه در مطالعات مختلف ویژگی‌های ریختی اعضای این جنس بررسی شده است اما آرایه‌شناسی مولکولی و تبارشناسی اعضای آن در جنوب دریای خزر مورد بررسی قرار نگرفته است. بنابراین به منظور بررسی وضعیت اعضای Rutilus در جنوب دریای خزر مطالعه‌ای با استفاده از توالی‌ ژن سیتوکروم اکسیداز سی انجام شد. نمونه‌های اعضای این جنس از تور پره مناطق ساحلی شهرهای بندرترکمن، بندرگز، بابلسر، نور، رامسر، بندر انزلی و آستارا خریداری شد. پس از تکثیر ژن COI، قطعه مذکور توالی‌یابی شد. با استفاده از توالی‌های حاصله و دیگر توالی‌های موجود در بانک ژن NCBI درخت-های تبارشناسی به روش inference Bayesian، تخمین Maximum likelihood و شبکه هاپلوتایپی ترسیم شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده نمونه‌های تعیین توالی شده از حوضه جنوبی دریای خزر در خوشه R. frisii قرار گرفتند. همچنین حضور گونه‌های R. rutilus و R. kutum در مناطق مورد بررسی تأیید نشد. با توجه به عدم تفاوت معنی‌دار در ژن COI و تنوع فنوتیپی بسیار بالا به نظر می‌رسد این اختلاف ناشی از پلاستیسیتی اکولوژیک، تحمل درجات مختلفی از شوری، دارا بودن جمعیت‌های ساکن و مهاجر در بین اعضای این جنس باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular systematics and phylogeny of Rutilus s. str. (Teleostei: Leuciscidae) at the southern part of Caspian Sea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arash Jouladeh Roudbar 1
  • Ali Nazlabadi 2
  • Majid Navaiyan 3

1 PhD student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Master's student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Yadgar Imam (RA), Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Rutilus is one of the most important genera of the Leuciscidae family, whose members are distributed from Eastern Siberia to Western Europe. It has always been difficult for researchers to identify the species and populations of this genus due to the similarity of morphologic characters and the existence of intermediate populations. Although several studies conducted base on morphology characters of members of this genus, the molecular systematic and phylogeny of Rutilus in the southern Caspian Sea have not been studied. Therefore, in order to investigate the status of Rutilus members in the southern Caspian Sea, a study was performed using the COI gene sequence. Samples of members of this genus were purchased from the of beach of Bandar-e-Turkmen, Bandar-e-Gaz, Babolsar, Nour, Ramsar, Bandar-e-Anzali and Astara. After amplifying the COI gene, the fragment was sequenced. Using the sequences results and other sequences in the NCBI gene bank, phylogeny trees were plotted by the Bayesian inference method, Maximum likelihood estimation, and haplotype network. According to the results, the sequenced specimens from the southern basin of the Caspian Sea were placed in the R. frisii clade. Also, the presence of R. rutilus and R. kutum species in the studied areas was not confirmed. Due to the insignificant difference in COI gene and phenotypic diversity, it seems the differences due to ecological plasticity, tolerance to salted waters coupled degrees of salinity, having resident and migratory populations among members of this genus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carps
  • genetic distance
  • phenotype
  • COI
  • Iran
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