Research Paper
Aliakbar Ehsanpour; Mohamad Sadegh Maleki
Abstract
Salicylic acid is a plant hormone which accumulates ROS production like H2O2 as a signal molecule and in toxic concentration cause oxidative stress with hyper accumulation of ROS. Plants use enzymatic antioxidant like glutathione-ascorbate cycle enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidant such as ASA and DHASA ...
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Salicylic acid is a plant hormone which accumulates ROS production like H2O2 as a signal molecule and in toxic concentration cause oxidative stress with hyper accumulation of ROS. Plants use enzymatic antioxidant like glutathione-ascorbate cycle enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidant such as ASA and DHASA against oxidative stress. The effect of salicylic acid on ascorbate –glutathione cycle antioxidants in tomato plants as amodel plant is not clear Tomato (Lycopericon esculentum Mill) plants cultured in vitro for 4 weeks on MS medium containing salicylic acid (SA) treatment in concentrations of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mM SA.... In this study, the effect of salicylic acid investigated on growth parameters, H2O2 and MDA content and activity of SOD, CAT, APX, GR, DHAR enzymes and also ASA, DHASA, proline and total soluble sugar. The results showed that maximum amount of RWC, root and shoot length reached in 0.01 mM SA. H2O2 and MDA content increased under SA treatment. APX and CAT activity initially decrease in low concentrations of SA and then increased in toxic level (0.1 and 0.5 mM SA). Activity of GR, DHAR, SOD, ASA, DHASA, proline and total soluble sugar gradually increased compared with control plants. These results indicate that plants for defense against oxidative stress cause by ROS production change and induce proline, total soluble sugar and ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzymes and compounds. In this study, the concentration of 0.01 mM SA with the highest growth indices and the least amount of stress as the optimal concentration in the plant is introduced.
Research Paper
Nabiollah Ashrafi; Abdolhosain Rezaei Nejad
Abstract
Temperature stress is one of the most common abiotic stress in plant. Leaf gas exchange is on the first process that is effected by temperature. In order to investigate the effect of short-term heat shock in root zone on stomatal behavior and gas exchange on Trasescantia, this experiment was conducted ...
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Temperature stress is one of the most common abiotic stress in plant. Leaf gas exchange is on the first process that is effected by temperature. In order to investigate the effect of short-term heat shock in root zone on stomatal behavior and gas exchange on Trasescantia, this experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University. Roots were treated with three different temperatures (25, 35 and45 °C) for 10 min and stomatal behavior were measured. The result showed that aperture and photosynthesis rate were the highest in 35°C. As temperature increased to 35°C, photosynthesis rate and aperture area increased 7% and 24%, respectively, compared with those of control plants (25°C). However, as temperature increased to 45°C, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased 40% and 14%, respectively, compared with those of control plants. Exposure of roots to 45°C for 30 min caused 72% reduction in photosynthesis rate. According to the results, root zone temperature significantly affect stomatal behavior, gas exchange and photosynthesis.
Research Paper
Badali Varzaghani; Abbass Farazmand; Sohaila Shokrollahzadeh
Abstract
In the present study, an indigenous aerobic bacteria Sphingopyxis ummariensis (isolated from Iran) was used for biological degradation of the Trichloroethylene (TCE). The bacteria were grown in the presence of TCE as the sole carbon source and at an initial concentration of 5 mM, which resulted in 15.6% ...
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In the present study, an indigenous aerobic bacteria Sphingopyxis ummariensis (isolated from Iran) was used for biological degradation of the Trichloroethylene (TCE). The bacteria were grown in the presence of TCE as the sole carbon source and at an initial concentration of 5 mM, which resulted in 15.6% degradation of TCE after 48 hours. To increase the efficiency of TCE removal, glucose, toluene, glucose/yeast extract and phenol/nutrient broth were used as a co-substrate carbon sources. The highest TCE removal (16.3%) was obtained using glucose/yeast extract. Also, the biological removal of TCE, in initial concentration of 5 mM, was increased from 15.6 to 39.1% after adaptation of the bacteria to the TCE. In this condition, and in the presence of glucose/yeast extract, biodegradation of TCE was increased to 43%. The bacterial biomass and TCE biodegradability was reduced by increasing the TCE concentration from 0.5 to 5.0 mM. The highest TCE removal (94.8%) was obtained for adapted strains in the presence of glucose/yeast extract in the rate of 1.6 mg/l.h at initial concentration of 0.5 mM.
Research Paper
Masoumeh Borjian; Maryam Khoshsokhan Mozaffar; Masoumeh khosravireyneh
Abstract
Purpose of this study is determine the effect of cadmium on some oxidative stress factors in Brassica oleracea l. cv. saccata in a random pattern & repeated 3 times. in order to control experimental conditions the same as the inhibitory effects of the other factors such as soil nutrition factors ...
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Purpose of this study is determine the effect of cadmium on some oxidative stress factors in Brassica oleracea l. cv. saccata in a random pattern & repeated 3 times. in order to control experimental conditions the same as the inhibitory effects of the other factors such as soil nutrition factors the hydroponic growth culture was used. The root and shoot samples picked up in 14th day after treatment with different cadmium concentration (0.5, 5) and used it for determination of biochemical and morphological parameters. The activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde in aerobiosis bodies and roots and also the content of Anthocyanin and chlorophyll a and b in shoots were measured. The results showed the activity of SOD in some aerobiosis bodies in 5 and 0.5 concentration of cadmium & also CAT enzyme activity in aerobiosis bodies with 5 concentration and in roots with 5 cadmium concentration has increased. The cadmium treatment have showed that PPO increased in 5 cadmium con. and also the decreased in 0.5 cadmium con., significantly, in aerobiosis bodies. The amount of Malondialdehyde as an index of proxidation membrance lipids has been decreased significantly in 0.5 con. in shoots. In caring plants with cadmium, Anthocyanin has decreased, significantly. The amount of a & b chlorophylls decreased in 5 concentration. Thus, the obtained results in this study have showed that cadmium has a positive effect on some antioxidant system parameters of the plant in the oxidative stress conditions & regarding that in the most cadmium have never seen any significant root in the data, we can conclude the cadmium conducts from the root to shoot.
Research Paper
masoumeh Jalalvand; Shamsozoha Abolmaali; shakiba darvishalipour
Abstract
Halophile and halotolerant microorganisms produce bio-active molecules under environmental stresses. The microorganisms play a role in bio-remediation of heavy metals including nickel; the most important water pollutant in urbans. Here studying of nickel resistant microorganisms from salt lake of Haj ...
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Halophile and halotolerant microorganisms produce bio-active molecules under environmental stresses. The microorganisms play a role in bio-remediation of heavy metals including nickel; the most important water pollutant in urbans. Here studying of nickel resistant microorganisms from salt lake of Haj Ali Gholi Khan for their potential in bio-active molecules producing based on PKS genes variations is aimed. Chemical analyses using atomic absorption method for soil and water of the lake were done. The microorganisms isolated from MGM, MH and SWN culture media with 23, 10 and 2 % salt. The isolates were screened for nickel resistant’s followed by analyzing for presence of PKS genes using gene specific internal primers. Fifty, 22 and 21 microorganisms were isolated from SWN, MH and MGM medium respectively. 65% of the isolates were nickel resistant those carry the potential to synthesize bio-active compounds. These organisms because of their abilities in bio- remediation and also synthesizing bio molecules can be used in biotechnology.
Research Paper
Mina Rabie; Najmeh Sadat Tabatabaei Ghomi; Younes Asri; Gholamreza Bakhshi Khaniki
Abstract
Chaerophyllum macropodum belongs to Apiaceae family has antioxidant and anti-bacterial properties. Vegetative characteristics of the species on 48 plots located in four sites of Tehran and Alborz provinces were recorded. The aerial parts of Ch. macropodum were collected at the flowering stage from the ...
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Chaerophyllum macropodum belongs to Apiaceae family has antioxidant and anti-bacterial properties. Vegetative characteristics of the species on 48 plots located in four sites of Tehran and Alborz provinces were recorded. The aerial parts of Ch. macropodum were collected at the flowering stage from the sites and air-dried at room temperature for two weeks then subjected to hydrodistillation, using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The analysis of the essential oils was performed by using GC and GC/MS. Three soil samples were taken from each site and some physical and chemical characteristics were measured. Analysis variance results of data showed that there is a significant difference among the four sites from the viewpoint of growth characteristics, soil features and common components of essential oils. The major compounds of essences of the species in four sites were trans-β-ocimene, cis-β-ocimene, fenchyl acetate, α-pinene, myrcene, γ-terpinene and β-pinene. In order to determine the most important differentiating factors in sites PCA method was used. The results showed the following characteristics are the most effective in differentiating of the sites. Mobarakabad site: density, α-pinene, fenchyl acetate, TNV and pH; Chenar-e Shargh site: terpinolene, myrcene, the mean maximum temperature of the warmest month, OC and SP; Gajereh site: γ-terpinene, p-cymene, trans-β-ocimene, cis-β-ocimene, absolute maximum temperature and sand; Sijan site: β-pinene, absolute minimum temperature, annual temperature and the mean minimum temperature of the coldest month.
Research Paper
Moloud Zargaran Hoseini; Mozhdeh Chelemal Dezfulnejad
Abstract
This experiment was undertaken on Cyprinus carpio (mean body weight 19/000±3/570) to study the effect of Banana peel powder on growth, survival and body composition. Two hundred forty juveniles were randomly distributed into 4 treatments each with three replicates and reared in 135 liter tanks ...
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This experiment was undertaken on Cyprinus carpio (mean body weight 19/000±3/570) to study the effect of Banana peel powder on growth, survival and body composition. Two hundred forty juveniles were randomly distributed into 4 treatments each with three replicates and reared in 135 liter tanks for 2 month. Three experimental treatments were fed with Banana peel powder supplemented diet at three different concentration (5, 10, 15 %) control group were feed with non –supplemented diets. At the end of treatments following growth parameters condition factor, specific growth rate, relative growth rate, weight gain ,length gain, food conversion ratio ,protein efficiency ratio were measured .Chemical properties of fillet including the amount of fat, crude protein, fiber, carbohydrate, ash and moisture were measured before and at the end of treatment. . Results show that there was significant effect on specific growth rate (1.515±0/090)and protein efficiency ratio (0.915±0/010) among fish fed with Banana peel powder supplemented diet at 10% and that of the control(p<0.05). According to the chemical properties, significant difference was observed between all experimental groups and control group (p<0.05). Fish fed with Banana peel powder supplemented diet at 5% had the highest value of fat (2.230±0.111) and carbohydrates (0.830±0.081) between all treatments. The highest value of protein (20.550± 0.065).ash (2.493±0.119) and moisture (0.213±0.011) was recorded for fish that were fed with Banana peel powder supplemented diet at 15%. The survival rate was recorded 100% in all experimental and control treatments.
Research Paper
leila Zarandi miandoab; Mohammad Amin Hejazi; Mina Nasiri
Abstract
Abstract Dunaliella salina cultivation is very important because of the ability of these organisms in the production and accumulation of bioactive substances such as carotenoids, economically. This microalga belongs to green alga and inhabitant in salt water. Nevertheless, current yield of microalga-based ...
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Abstract Dunaliella salina cultivation is very important because of the ability of these organisms in the production and accumulation of bioactive substances such as carotenoids, economically. This microalga belongs to green alga and inhabitant in salt water. Nevertheless, current yield of microalga-based procedures is still very low, which has restricted their scale-up culturing. This study reported a growth regulator of cytokinin (BAP) effect on growth and physiological characteristics of the Dunaliella. BAP concentrations were zero, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 mg.ml-1. After 4 weeks of treatment, increasing in BAP concentration led to a significant increase in the growth rate and Dunaliella cell number. BAP also increases the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, protein and sugar significantly. It can be concluded that the use of 12 mg.ml-1 BAP could increase cell number of Dunaliella about 63% and growth rate about 60% that it may be were the result of improvements in the efficiency of photosynthesis and cell division.
Research Paper
shahla siamaki; Siavosh Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi; Trouska Soufizadeh; Tahereh Falsafi; Mahvash Saifali; Jamshid Fooladi
Abstract
In this study colorimetric medium, which has been developed at Alzahra University, was compared with Quicolor (Salubris Co, USA) and Muller Hinton agar media. Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of 100 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae against 6 different antibiotics were determined by using disk diffusion ...
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In this study colorimetric medium, which has been developed at Alzahra University, was compared with Quicolor (Salubris Co, USA) and Muller Hinton agar media. Antibacterial susceptibility patterns of 100 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae against 6 different antibiotics were determined by using disk diffusion method. The agreement of these methods was defined by kappa analysis. Coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated by repeating antibacterial susceptibility test for 10 times using 2 standard strains and 2 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae on three medium noted above. Kappa value was higher than 0.5 for all cases indicating a good or an excellent agreement of 3 media. ( CV) values were less than 0.05 in majority of cases showing a good reproducibility of testing media. According to the results of this study colorimetric medium can be used for rapid antibacterial susceptibility testing of Enterobacteriaceae.In terms of ease of functional and performance of this medium is similsr to foriegn and standard media.
Research Paper
Ali Asghar Askari; naser zare; rasol asghary zakaria; Saeed khomary
Abstract
Salicylic acid and Jasmonates are the natural occurring hormones which involved are in defense mechanisms of plant against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research, the effect of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on content of hydrogen peroxide, proline and total protein and antioxidant enzymes ...
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Salicylic acid and Jasmonates are the natural occurring hormones which involved are in defense mechanisms of plant against biotic and abiotic stresses. In this research, the effect of methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid on content of hydrogen peroxide, proline and total protein and antioxidant enzymes activity were investigated. Cell suspension culture of Iranian poppy was established on liquid MS medium containing 2,4-D, kinetin and ascorbic acid. The cells treated with methyl jasmonate (100 µM) and salicylic acid (75 mg/l), and the cells were evaluated in times 12, 24, 36, 48 and 144 hours after treatment. The results indicated that medium pH increased after cells treatment with methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. The cell growth and viability were decreased by elicitor treatments, compared to control cells and this reduction was higher on 6 days after treatment. Amount of hydrogen peroxide in the cells treated with methyl jasmonate at all assessed periods was significantly higher than those of cells treated with salicylic acid and control cells. Proline and total protein content and antioxidant enzymes activity of cells were increased significantly by methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid as compared with control cells. The highest activity of Catalase in 48 hours after treatment with salicylic acid and the highest activity of superoxide dismutase in 144 hours after treatment of cells with methyl jasmonate was obtained.
Research Paper
Forough Asgary Karchegany; Marzieh Shamee; Gholamreza Ghezelbash; Iraj Nahvi
Abstract
Xylitol is a naturally five – carbon polyol with a high sweetening power. Xylitol is the sweetest among the polyalcohols. The biotechnological method of producing xylitol by microorganisms has been studied as an alternative to the chemical method and is very environmentally safe. Xylitol is an ...
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Xylitol is a naturally five – carbon polyol with a high sweetening power. Xylitol is the sweetest among the polyalcohols. The biotechnological method of producing xylitol by microorganisms has been studied as an alternative to the chemical method and is very environmentally safe. Xylitol is an attractive sugar substitute for use in the food-processing, nutritional supplement and pharmaceutical industries. Among the microorganisms, yeasts are considered as the best xylitol producer. The purpose of this study was xylitol production by Debaryomyces hansenii that isolated from pollen of Malva sylvestris flower. This strain was identified by 18SrRNA sequencing and following its alignment with existed similar strains in data bases. Xylitol was produced in production medium contained xylose and other compounds. Xylitol was first identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) method then it was confirmed by Megasyme kit. Xylitol concentration was quantified using high performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) method. This strain produced 20.45 g l-1 xylitol after 48 hours culture incubation in medium contained 40 g l-1 xylose.
Research Paper
Mitra Ashayeripanah; fereshteh eftekhar; Bahram Kazemi; Mohammad Mehdi Feizabadi
Abstract
Due to the large population latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis worldwide, vaccines against latent tuberculosis can make a dramatic impact on the global tuberculosis problem. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of a latency antigen from M. tuberculosis, Rv1733c, predicted that Rv1733c ...
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Due to the large population latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis worldwide, vaccines against latent tuberculosis can make a dramatic impact on the global tuberculosis problem. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of a latency antigen from M. tuberculosis, Rv1733c, predicted that Rv1733c is an integral-membrane protein with a large number of B-cell and T-cell epitopes, making it a potential vaccine candidate. Therefore, rv1733c gene from M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv was chemically synthesized, inserted into pTG19-T plasmid and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli Top10. After confirming the presence of the DNA fragment by digestion with restriction endonucleases and sequencing, it was subcloned into pET-23a (+) and expressed in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3). The recombinant protein was observed as a band of ~ 24 kDa on SDS-PAGE gel and western blot analysis using an antibody against the hexa-histidine-tag of the protein revealed a band with the same size. Finally, the protein was successfully purified using a histidine-tag purification kit.
Research Paper
afsaneh aliaran; khoshnood nourollahi; zahra mehdi shahivand
Abstract
Herbal extracts are used to control pathogens, due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of secondary metabolites. In this regard, antifungal effect of Satureja Bachtiarica Bunge., Foeniculum vulgar mill. and Cinamomum zeylancium Nees. on the growth of three important species of plant pathogenic ...
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Herbal extracts are used to control pathogens, due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of secondary metabolites. In this regard, antifungal effect of Satureja Bachtiarica Bunge., Foeniculum vulgar mill. and Cinamomum zeylancium Nees. on the growth of three important species of plant pathogenic fungi including, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Pyrenephora graminea, was studied in this research. After drying the plants in the shade, essential oils were isolated through the steam distillation method using Clevenger. Antifungal effects of above-mentioned essential oils in concentrations of 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm was investigated under laboratory conditions revealed that the essence showed inhibitory effects on tested fungi. The best concentration for full stop growing F. oxysporum, F. solani is 400 ppm at all essences, and observed Inhibition of mycelial growth of P. graminea by Cinnamon essential oil at all concentrations, Whereas concentrations of 300 and 400 ppm of Savory, leads to have been complete inhibition of P. graminea fungal mycelium growth. The results showed all three plant essential oils play an important role in controlling fungal pathogens and they can be used for biological control.
Research Paper
Azin Ghafarizadeh; Seyyed Mansour Seyyed nejad; Abdolali Gilani
Abstract
Present study was investigated the effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) in different levels of urea on some growth parameters and antioxidant activity of wheat seedlings. Experiment was factorial with completely randomized design, with three replication at five levels (0, 5, ...
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Present study was investigated the effect of seaweed liquid fertilizer (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) in different levels of urea on some growth parameters and antioxidant activity of wheat seedlings. Experiment was factorial with completely randomized design, with three replication at five levels (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% v/v) of seaweed liquid fertilizer and three levels 0, 25 and 50 percent of recommended amount of urea fertilizer. According to the results, the treaement of 10% concentration of seaweed liquid fertilizer with 25% recommended rate of urea showed the maximum amount germination percentage and rate, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight, activity of peroxidase and ascorbateperoxidase enzymes. The maximum amount of malondialdehyde and catalase activity was observed in 20% of concentration of seaweed liquid fertilizer. The increase in growth parameters and antioxidan enzymes activity is probably due to the presence of hormones induce growth and the essential elements in seaweed liquid fertilizer.
Research Paper
nasser farokhy; mahsa jokar; mahdiye Parsaeiyan; ali Derakhshan Shadmehri; abolfazl Masoudi
Abstract
Metarhizium spp., an enthemopathogenic fungus, are usually recognized on the basis of their morphological and molecular characteristics. ITS and S8/5 ribosomal sequences used to identify 30 isolates collected from soils of Shahrood and northern parts of Iran, along with 10 sequences from known species ...
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Metarhizium spp., an enthemopathogenic fungus, are usually recognized on the basis of their morphological and molecular characteristics. ITS and S8/5 ribosomal sequences used to identify 30 isolates collected from soils of Shahrood and northern parts of Iran, along with 10 sequences from known species to establish a phylogenetic relationship. Growth rate and conidia production were measured on PDA containing selected fungicide. Suspensions of 108 conidia per ml of the isolates were used against red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum (Col, Tenebrionidae)) adults to assess the biocontrol efficacies of each isolate. The highest growth rates belonged to SHU.J.11, SHU.J.35, SHU.J.22, SHU.J.33, SHU.J.27, SHU.J.24, SHU.J.02 and SHU .J.29. According to Petlamul classification, SHU.J.01 with an average production of 8.025 × 107 was the highest and according to Yip classification, 10 isolates were considered as A-level. Pearson correlation coefficient for the three parameters was statistically significant at 1%. Accordingly, the isolate with greater growth rate, produced more conidia and had greater efficacy in inoculating the host.
Research Paper
jamshid fooladi; nashmin fayazi hossini; khadijeh kiarostami
Abstract
Phytases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing phytic acid to less-phosphorylated myo-inositol derivates. Phytic acid The major storage form of phosphorous in plants. Monogastric animals, such as pig, poultry and fish are not able to metabolize phytic acid. Adding phytase to diet monogastric animals lead ...
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Phytases are enzymes capable of hydrolyzing phytic acid to less-phosphorylated myo-inositol derivates. Phytic acid The major storage form of phosphorous in plants. Monogastric animals, such as pig, poultry and fish are not able to metabolize phytic acid. Adding phytase to diet monogastric animals lead to increased avalibility of phosphorus. The objective of the present study is to isolate and characterize phytase producing bacterial strains from rhizosphere of wheat. Phytase production was determined by production of clear zones around the colonies on the sodium phytate containing medium and the best phytase producing strain was identified using molecular analysis. Also, the isolate was tested for P-solubilizing potential using National Botanical Research Institute Phosphate (NBRIP) containing tricalcium phosphate as the sole P source. Among the 11 bacterial isolates, forming clear peripheral zones on a turbid agar plate, Staphylococcus pasteuri isolated able high potential for phytase production.This study showed that , Staphylococcus pasteuri capable production phytase and phosphatase enzyme.
Research Paper
razieh ghazi birjandi; bahar shahnavaz; masome bahreini; maryam mahjoobin tehran
Abstract
Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) constitute a class of industrial enzymes having great potential for application in industries. Amylase hydrolyses the internal α (1, 4) glycosidase linkages in starch and produces products with lower molecular weight such as glucose, maltose and maltotriose. This research ...
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Amylases (EC 3.2.1.1) constitute a class of industrial enzymes having great potential for application in industries. Amylase hydrolyses the internal α (1, 4) glycosidase linkages in starch and produces products with lower molecular weight such as glucose, maltose and maltotriose. This research aims the optimization growth and enzyme production in a psychrotolerant bacterium. In the first step, the enzyme production was optimized by one-factor- at- a time method using different variables including temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen sources, the level of starch, and inoculation rate. In order to examine the interaction between these variables, optimization was performed by response surface method. Molecular identification of strain using 16S rRNA gene showed that bacteria belonged to the genus Janthinobacterium. One-factor-at-a-time method showed that temperature, pH and the level of starch are the most effective factors in enzyme production, the amount of strain production increased to 0.116 U/ml by the mentioned method. The use of response surface methodology increased amylase production up to 0.434 U/ml.
Research Paper
davod koolivand; nemat sokhandan bashir; ali akbar behjat nia
Abstract
Among several diseases of gapaevine, fan-leaf disese is the most imprtant viral diseases in the garapevine orchards around the world and Iran. Furthermore, early detection and diagnosis of the disease and screning the infected plant could be useful to disase management. In the recent research, local ...
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Among several diseases of gapaevine, fan-leaf disese is the most imprtant viral diseases in the garapevine orchards around the world and Iran. Furthermore, early detection and diagnosis of the disease and screning the infected plant could be useful to disase management. In the recent research, local GFLV isolate was selected to prepare the recombinant antibody to diagnosis the infected samples. In the recent research, after the rabbit immunization by coat protein and movement protain of GFLV that expressed into E.coli, the rabbits were bled and the serum fractions were collected and stored at -20°C until required. After the titration of serum fraction, the immunoglobulin G (IgG) from the antiserum was purified using DEAE cellulose column and the efficiency of purification was estimated by the light absorption at 280 nm (A280) and electrophoresis on 12% gel SDS-PAGE. After the IgG purification, indirect-ELISA was done by different dilution including 1:500, 1:1000 and 1:2000. The result showed, IgG-CP-GFLV revelaed the best absorbance in 1:500 and 1:1000 IgG-cp diluted wherase the IgG-MP-GFLV showed the best reaction in 1:500 IgG-MP dilution. DIBA by purified IgGs showed that the IgGs could be detect the related antigenes in 1:500 dilution fot both. Finally, the result revealed that IgGs purified by DEAE cellulose column could be applied in serological and seromolecular test.
Research Paper
kazem nourmohammadi; omid esmailzadeh
Abstract
In this paper we described variations of plant biodiversity indices in the plant communities of Salaheddinkola forests, Nowshahr. For this purpose, plant species floristically data with some environmental properties have been recorded in 76 plots (400 m2) along two altitudinal gradients (200–2300 ...
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In this paper we described variations of plant biodiversity indices in the plant communities of Salaheddinkola forests, Nowshahr. For this purpose, plant species floristically data with some environmental properties have been recorded in 76 plots (400 m2) along two altitudinal gradients (200–2300 m a.s.l.). Five ecological species groups were distinguished by using the results of TWINSPAN which were done based on floristic cover data. The comparison of diversity indices between ecological groups were done by ANOVA test and DCA Analysis. Results showed that biodiversity indices had significant differences between plant communities. The plant communities I and II, which represents Carpinus betulus-Parrotia persica forests and located in lower elevations had the largest values of Simpson’s Diversiry index, shannon’s Diversiry index and Shannon Evenness index. As well as, Simpson Dominance was maximum in the III, IV and V plant communities, which represents the beech forests at the higher altitudinal ranges. Result also showed that there was no clear trend in Richness index’s along the altitudinal gradient. Finally, we concluded that altitude was a basic factor in variations of plant biodiversity indices and distribution of plant communities in this area.
Research Paper
Abstract
Temperature stress is one of the most common abiotic stress in plant. Leaf gas exchange is on the first process that is effected by temperature. In order to investigate the effect of short-term heat shock in root zone on stomatal behavior and gas exchange on Trasescantia, this experiment was conducted ...
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Temperature stress is one of the most common abiotic stress in plant. Leaf gas exchange is on the first process that is effected by temperature. In order to investigate the effect of short-term heat shock in root zone on stomatal behavior and gas exchange on Trasescantia, this experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University. Roots were treated with three different temperatures (25, 35 and45 °C) for 10 min and stomatal behavior were measured. The result showed that aperture and photosynthesis rate were the highest in 35°C. As temperature increased to 35°C, photosynthesis rate and aperture area increased 7% and 24%, respectively, compared with those of control plants (25°C). However, as temperature increased to 45°C, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased 40% and 14%, respectively, compared with those of control plants. Exposure of roots to 45°C for 30 min caused 72% reduction in photosynthesis rate. According to the results, root zone temperature significantly affect stomatal behavior, gas exchange and photosynthesis.
