Research Paper
Marjan Enshaeieh; Mahboobeh Madani; Azadeh Abdoli; Iraj Nahvi; Forough Asgary Karchegany
Abstract
The application of microorganisms in the production of economically valuable products has attracted a great attention in recent years. These valuable materials such as single cell oil and poly-alcohols have potential for application in various industrial fields. Single cell oil in biodiesel production ...
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The application of microorganisms in the production of economically valuable products has attracted a great attention in recent years. These valuable materials such as single cell oil and poly-alcohols have potential for application in various industrial fields. Single cell oil in biodiesel production and poly-alcohols such as xylitol in the food and pharmaceutical industries, are valuable. In this study high production of SCO was evaluated and analyzing of SCO was done by FTIR spectroscopy. In addition, xylitol production by the yeast, in the media containing xylose was done and xylitol was analyzed by using colorimetric method. Optimization of microbial oil and xylitol production was done by Taguchi method and valuable results were obtained. This strain was reached to SCO production and dry biomass of 10.21 g/L in optimum condition including 100 g/L glucose, 72 h incubation time, pH = 5, temperature of 25 ºC and rpm=180. In addition, in the medium with 140 g/L of xylose, xylitol production was 54.99 g/L. The results of this study can show that there are native yeasts with high potential of producing valuable materials which can be directed to produce the desired products by providing appropriate medium condition.
Research Paper
Maryam Bordkhani; Mohammad Reza Ashrafzadeh; Hamid Goshtasb Meygoni
Abstract
This study has considered morphologyand morphometry of wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations in Khabr and Golestan National Parks and Minoo Island, Iran. 29 body and cranial characters were measured. The normality of data was analyzed by Kolmogorov- Smironov test. Independent sample T-Test was used to test ...
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This study has considered morphologyand morphometry of wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations in Khabr and Golestan National Parks and Minoo Island, Iran. 29 body and cranial characters were measured. The normality of data was analyzed by Kolmogorov- Smironov test. Independent sample T-Test was used to test the statistical significance between different sexes in these regions. Significance of differences among of different populations was tested using one-way ANOVA followed by a Duncan test. Also, Discriminant Analysis was usedto classifying different populations. Results indicated that there are significant differences between male and female sexes in the Minoo Island (p
Research Paper
Naser Jafari; Zahra Alavi; Mohammadali Ebrahimzadeh
Abstract
Algae are important aspects that can be extremely numerous applications in pharmaceutical, food, agricultural, medical uses and also used in wastewater treatment. In this study total phenolic and flavonoid contents of two types of green algae was performed by spectrophotometic and high performance liquid ...
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Algae are important aspects that can be extremely numerous applications in pharmaceutical, food, agricultural, medical uses and also used in wastewater treatment. In this study total phenolic and flavonoid contents of two types of green algae was performed by spectrophotometic and high performance liquid chromatography methods. In this study, Cladophora glomerata was collected from Caspian coast and estuaries of the Babolrood river and Spirogyra rivularis were collected from a pond adjacent rice paddies and livestock. Then extracted with acidified methanol produced a total phenolic compounds spectrophotometric method and HPLC method was used for the analysis of flavonoids in plants. Study of methanol extracts of four different regions of Cladophora and Spirogyra showed the greatest amount of phenolic compounds gallic acid according to Spirogyra algae in ponds and rice fields most of the flavonoid quercetin in terms of Cladophora algae in the estuary. According to the standard chromatogram retention time gallic acid (2.383), coumaric acid (3.817) and quercetin (7.217) was observed. So most of the time to prevent the inhibition of quercetin and gallic acid is less time. The two types of green algae rich in phenolic compounds and also have high antioxidant property so it can be used as a plant source of antioxidant compounds that can be used in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Research Paper
Jaleh Tahsili; Mozafar Sharifi; Naser Safaei; Mehrdad Behmanesh
Abstract
Linum album Kotschy ex Boiss., one of endemic species in Iran, produces podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and other lignans. Podophyllotoxin which occurs in a few plant species and has pharmacological significance for it's anticancer activities. Manipulation of cell culture media by elicitors is one of the important ...
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Linum album Kotschy ex Boiss., one of endemic species in Iran, produces podophyllotoxin (PTOX) and other lignans. Podophyllotoxin which occurs in a few plant species and has pharmacological significance for it's anticancer activities. Manipulation of cell culture media by elicitors is one of the important strategies for inducing secondary metabolism and production of valuable metabolites. In this study, first we isolated cell wall of Fusarium graminearumas described by Di Pietro et al. (2009). We investigated the different concentrations effect of fungal cell wall on cell growth and PTOX and lariciresinol production in cell suspension cultures of L. album. Then, the optimal concentration of fungal cell wall (1% v/v) was selected for further experiments and thus after 7 days of pre-culture, the cells were treated with 1 % (v/v) of cell wall. Lignan analysis with HPLC demonstrated that production of podophyllotoxin and lariciresinol significantly increased. Also phenolic compounds have reached the most accumulation at 5 day after treatment. But flavnoids and flavones had increased at 3 and 7 day after treatment. As defensive compound, lignin increased after treatment.
Research Paper
samira Shokatyari; rashid Jamei
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine total alkaloid and phenolic contents and antioxidant activities by Ferric Reducing Power (FRAP), reducing power and scavenging of superoxide radical of tuber and leaf of L. Leontopetalum and L. armeniaca. The results revealed that in both species, total alkaloid ...
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The purpose of this study was to determine total alkaloid and phenolic contents and antioxidant activities by Ferric Reducing Power (FRAP), reducing power and scavenging of superoxide radical of tuber and leaf of L. Leontopetalum and L. armeniaca. The results revealed that in both species, total alkaloid and phenolic contents and FRAP of leaf were the greater than tuber, also in both organs was: leontopetalum > armeniaca. The highest and lowest reducing power was found in leaves and tubers of L. leontopetalm (1.146±0.055, 0.889±0.037) respectively. In all cases, free radical superoxide scavenging activity was greater than 27%. Radical superoxide scavenging activity in leaf and tuber of L. armeniaca were higher than L. leontopetalum. The correlation (R2) of antioxidant activities, FRAP and reduction power, with, phenolic contents indicatedsignificant correlations except for radical superoxide scavenging activity. Alkaloid content was only significantly associated with reducing power. The results obtained from this study show that Leontice can be a source of natural antioxidant
Research Paper
Azra Aaboora; Nooshin Barik roo; Hamidreza Sharifi
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the alteration of compatible osmolite contents (including the content of reducing sugars and proline), as well as polysaccharides 4 wheat cultivars under water deficit conditions, this study was conducted in the field condition. Treatments were water stress and wheat genotypes ...
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This study aimed to investigate the alteration of compatible osmolite contents (including the content of reducing sugars and proline), as well as polysaccharides 4 wheat cultivars under water deficit conditions, this study was conducted in the field condition. Treatments were water stress and wheat genotypes that studied in a split plot experiment in RCBD design with three replications. Water stress treatments were done as cutting irrigation from anthesis period and optimum irrigation. Studied cultivars were Marvdasht (sensitive), Pishtaz and Bahar (semi-resistant), WS-82-9 (resistant). The results showed that the lowest decrease in grain yield was observed in WS-82-9 due to water stress in the grain filling period, the data did not reveal a significant difference among other cultivars (30% vs. 35-43% in the other cultivars). Biochemical studies showed that water stress caused accumulation of proline content in flag leaf, (21-20 μg/g FW in the control plants versus 57μg/g FW in WS-82-9 or 83 μg/g FW in Bahar cultivar, on the 6th days after drought stress). Over time, the difference between leaf proline content of the varieties were decreased in terms of water availability and water stress. Changes in the percentage of soluble sugars and proline contents showed the same trend. According to our results water stress caused to increased levels of soluble sugars in the stems especially in Marvdasht and Bahar cultivars and WS-82-9 line. Increased levels of soluble sugars occurred at the middle stage of grain filling in the flag leaf of Bahar and Pishtaz cultivars and WS-82-9 line, also this was occurred in Marvdasht at the late stage of grain filling. Polysaccharide content of the leaves and stems decreased in all cultivars by Water deficit, especially in susceptible varieties (highest decrease was observed about 0.52% and 0.67% respectively in leaves and stems of Marvdasht and Pishtaz and the lowest was found about 0.31% and 0.37% respectively in leaves and stems of Bahar and WS-82-9. It seems that compatible osmolites and proline accumulation (osmoregulation) is a common response of all wheat genotypes to drought stress but the rate of increase in these compounds was higher in resistant cultivars during stress
Research Paper
Maryam Keshavarzi; Somaye Esfandani bozchaloyi; Khadijeh Kiarostami
Abstract
In present study whole plant extract was achieved by maceration for effective components, evaluation of antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid for six Stellaria species and its close relatives comprising Myosoton aquaticum and Mesostemma kotschyanum (Caryophyllaceae, Alsinoides). Phenolic ...
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In present study whole plant extract was achieved by maceration for effective components, evaluation of antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid for six Stellaria species and its close relatives comprising Myosoton aquaticum and Mesostemma kotschyanum (Caryophyllaceae, Alsinoides). Phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured by Foline-ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride methods. Results indicated that there are significant differences between average content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activity in different species (P< 0.01). Observations showed that total phenolic components of eight studied species are between 1±0.028 to 8.18±0.69mgr. /gr. dry weight and total flavonoid contents between 1±0.026 to 6.7±0.59 mgr./gr. in dry weight. Most inhibitory activity of DPPH free radical was observed in S. alsinoides with IC50 equal to 3 ±0.1 mgr. /ml in dry weight
Research Paper
Azadeh Karimi.jafari; Monir Hossein zadeh namil
Abstract
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), a member of Iridaceae family, is valuable in pharmacies and food industries. Salinity is one of the growth limiting factors in saffron. Nano silver has many effects on plants ethylene receptors, chlorophylase activity and DNA, also reduces the stress effects in plants. The ...
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Saffron (Crocus sativus L.), a member of Iridaceae family, is valuable in pharmacies and food industries. Salinity is one of the growth limiting factors in saffron. Nano silver has many effects on plants ethylene receptors, chlorophylase activity and DNA, also reduces the stress effects in plants. The effects of nano silver (40 ppm) and salinity stress (100 mM NaCl) on physiological and biochemical properties of saffron corm with compare control (distilled water) were studied under greenhouse condition. The results showed that the number of fiber roots and Proline content in salinity stress plus nano silver and salinity without nano silver were increased but solute carbohydrate content was significantly decreased at level (P<0.05), compare to control. Length of root and carotenoids content in nano silver plus salinity treatment were decreased but dry weight of daughter corms were significantly increased compare with control at level (P<0.05). The results obtained from present study showed that nano silver increased plant defense against salinity stress.
Research Paper
Zahra Nowghani; Leila Koohi; Parisa Panahi; Yoosef Torabian; Mehdi Poorhashemi; Armin Hashemi
Abstract
Leaf area, as one of the most important characters of plants, has direct relation with physiological and ecological activities such as photosynthisis, evapotranspiration, light absorption, leaf area index and growth. This research was carried out in hyrcanian collection of National Botanical Garden of ...
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Leaf area, as one of the most important characters of plants, has direct relation with physiological and ecological activities such as photosynthisis, evapotranspiration, light absorption, leaf area index and growth. This research was carried out in hyrcanian collection of National Botanical Garden of Iran on seven tree species; Quercus castaneifolia, Carpinus betulus, Alnus subcordata, Zelkova carpinifolia, Tilia platyphyllos, Acer velutinum and A. cappadocicum. The aim of this research was to calculate the best regression models (non-destructive sampling method) for estimation of leaf area of studied taxa by quantitative variables of leaf. At first, 10 sample trees were selected from each species and 200 leaves were gathered randomly from different sections of sample tree crowns. Leaf length (LL) and leaf width (LW) were measured by rule and leaf area (LA) was measured by leaf area meter (LAM) in Laboratory. Different regression models were tested and the best model was proposed for each species. The results showed that the mean of quantitative variables of leaf had significant differences among studied species. Totally, the best regression models were calculated based on compound variables. The Log LL+ Log LW variable was the most effective variable to predict leaf area in Q. castaneifolia, Z. carpinifolia and A. cappadocicum with correlation coefficient of 0.86, 0.91 and 0.9, respectively. Besides, the Log LL× Log LW variable was the best variable to predict leaf area in other species with good correlation coefficients. Finally, Power and Exponential regression models had the best results.
Research Paper
Siamak Yari
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex process and studies show that many natural products such as herbal drugs have important effects on modulating of this process. Pharmacological studies indicated that Arctium lappa have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities. The aim of this study ...
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Wound healing is a complex process and studies show that many natural products such as herbal drugs have important effects on modulating of this process. Pharmacological studies indicated that Arctium lappa have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-proliferative activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Arctium lappa extract on wound healing process. Excision wound model was created in Wistar rats. The animals divided into three groups (n=6): control, vehicle and treatment group. Wound size, Number of inflammatory cells, collagen deposition and scar tissue area were studied. Number of inflammatory cells, statically were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s post hoc test. Results show that number of inflammatory cells were significantly decreased in treated group compared to control and vehicle groups. Scar tissue reduced in treated groups and collagen deposition significantly increased in extract treated groups. Our study demonstrates that Arctium lappa have beneficial effects on healing of excision wound model.
