Research Paper
Marahem Ashengarf; Eraj Nahvi; Jahanshir Amini
Abstract
In the recent years, the use of microbial biotransformation processes to achieve specific properties of vanillin and access to the natural vanillin origin has been a lot of attention. In the present study, Taguchi method was employed for optimizing the biotransformation of isoeugenol to vanillin under ...
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In the recent years, the use of microbial biotransformation processes to achieve specific properties of vanillin and access to the natural vanillin origin has been a lot of attention. In the present study, Taguchi method was employed for optimizing the biotransformation of isoeugenol to vanillin under resting cells of native isolate Psychrobacter sp. strain CSW4. Five factors, i.e. initial isoeugenol concentration, initial dry biomass, co-substrates (glycerol, yeast extract and tryptone), initial NaCl concentration and metal ions (Cu, Zn and Co, were selected and experiments based on an orthogonal array layout of L18 were performed. Vanillin produced in the biotransformation reaction mixture was analyzed by HPLC method. Optimization of the process by Taguchi method showed that highest impact factors with importance priority of NaCl concentration, initial isoeugenol concentration, glycerol as substrate, cobalt ion and initial dry biomass were determined as optimum conditions for the biotransformation isoeugenol into vanillin, respectively. Under these optimized conditions, the highest vanillin concentration (1.016 g/L) obtained after 24-h reaction biotransformation. The molar yield of vanillin produced from isoeugenol was 43.8 %. Results of this study indicate that if optimization of medium composition is performed to balance the cell growth and vanillin amount, reasonable yields of vanillin have been achieved, without addition of any toxic organic solvent or other chemicals which increase the cost of production.
Research Paper
Eman Chaplagh paredary; Gholam ali Jalali; Ali Sunboli; Mehrdad Zarafshan
Abstract
Carpinus betulus is an important element in the Hyrcanian forests that extensively are distributed, therefore comprehensive studies on separation of phenotypes of the species is necessary. Most taxonomists approved the significance of the seed and bract traits in the taxonomy of the Carpinus so in this ...
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Carpinus betulus is an important element in the Hyrcanian forests that extensively are distributed, therefore comprehensive studies on separation of phenotypes of the species is necessary. Most taxonomists approved the significance of the seed and bract traits in the taxonomy of the Carpinus so in this study these traits was utilized to identify different phenotypes of the C. betulus by 26 seed and bract characters. First multivariate analysis such as Cluster Analysis were used. Accuracy of the clustering was determined by Discriminate Analysis. Most important traits for groupings were surveyed by Wilks' Lambda values. The results showed the length of three lobes of bract had the most contribution in separation of the clusters. However some traits such as length , width and the ridge numbers o the seed are suitable in separation of the phenotypes. Also, examining the bract stomatal traits in different groups, showed this character-was efficient in identifying the different phenotypes. Additionally, we compared the results of this research with previously reportedvarieties of Carpinus betulus and we observed more variation than the prior studies. In fact this study showed extensive variability of Carpinus betulus especiallyin seed and bract characters, proving the taxonomy significance of these traits.
Elahe Sadat hoseyni; Roha Kasry kermanshahi; Saman hoseynkhani; Seyed abas Shojaolsadaty
Abstract
L. plantarum ATCC 8014 as a probiotic have had the ability of CLA isomers production including cis-9,trans-11- 18:2 and trans-10,cis-12-18:2,CLA1 and CLA2, respectively, from castor oil that contains 89% ricinoleic acid. Results of this research have shown that addition of linoleic acid to the pre culture ...
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L. plantarum ATCC 8014 as a probiotic have had the ability of CLA isomers production including cis-9,trans-11- 18:2 and trans-10,cis-12-18:2,CLA1 and CLA2, respectively, from castor oil that contains 89% ricinoleic acid. Results of this research have shown that addition of linoleic acid to the pre culture had positive effect on linoleate isomerase expression and it caused CLA isomers high production. Our results also indicated that concentration of substrate and incubation time are dramatically effective on the CLA isomers production. From these results 0.426mg/ml CLA1 and 0.371mg/ml CLA2 are produced from a reaction mixture includes potassium phosphate buffer (0.1M,pH 6.5), 8mg/ml castor oil and 0.1% tween 80, 100U/ml Lipase L-175 Sigma with 12%(wet) Biomass, under microaerobic condition and 37 °C for 72 hours.
Ghasem ali Parad; Seyed Ehsan Sadati
Abstract
The aim of this study is
investigation of survival, vegetative characteristics and biomass allocation in
seedlings of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) grown in different water
regimes. For this purpose, seedlings of ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 120
days in an open ...
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The aim of this study is
investigation of survival, vegetative characteristics and biomass allocation in
seedlings of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) grown in different water
regimes. For this purpose, seedlings of ash were examined in a completely randomized design for 120
days in an open area of bottomland forest at two levels of soil moisture
regimes (permanent flooding, periodic flooding with a rotation period of 15
days) and control level. At the end of the experiment, flooding decreased
survival, vegetative characteristics, biomass allocation and vitality of ash
seedlings. This reduction in permanent
flooding was more than at the periodic flooding. In contrast, diameter growth
response in periodic flooding was greater than permanent flooding and control
level. The reason of this phenomenon can be attributed to the development of
woody xylem cells. In periodic flooding, compared to
permanent flooding, because of greater production of adventitious root and soil
drainage, access of oxygen required for metabolism was easier and
Photosynthetic organs of the plant (leaf area) and leaf biomass prominently
increased. Overall,
the results showed that F. excelsior was tolerant to flooding and can be used
for restoration of bottomland forest, riparian area, lagoons and plains
exposure to periodic flooding
Mohamad Jamalpour; Mojgan Khodadadi
Abstract
In the study sample of fish Byah (Liza macrolepis) from the Musa estuary in Khuzestan by tour Gvshgyr springs 20 mm size in a random
period of one year from November 2009 to October 2010. 449
fish Byah (Liza macrolepis) that were 300 male and species of fish
149 female were caught ...
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In the study sample of fish Byah (Liza macrolepis) from the Musa estuary in Khuzestan by tour Gvshgyr springs 20 mm size in a random
period of one year from November 2009 to October 2010. 449
fish Byah (Liza macrolepis) that were 300 male and species of fish
149 female were caught .Largest age group in the fish population in a
year were observed 19/37%.Two-year-old fish (+2) with a 30/51%, fish under a year (+0)
with 23/16%, three-year fish (+3) with 6/9% and four-year-old fish (+4) with
2/22% of the combined age were accounted
for. Two fish (+2), one year (+1) and under one year (+0) were observed in all
months sample combined of age. Three-year fish (+3) were sampled in all months
except May .Among the sampled fish with the maximum age was +4 years
old.Variation coefficient of fish+1, +2, +3 and +4, respectively 10, 5, 3/3 and
2/5 was observed. In attention that the
coefficient of variation of fish by age is less than 20 Determine the optimum
age of fish Byah (Liza macrolepis).
Zahra Bolandghamatpour
Abstract
Considering the importance of rapid determination of
antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria, isolated from infectious diseases for the selection of appropriate
therapy as soon as possible and increasing the success of therapy, decreasing unnecessary use of antibacterial
agents and side-effects, ...
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Considering the importance of rapid determination of
antibacterial susceptibility of bacteria, isolated from infectious diseases for the selection of appropriate
therapy as soon as possible and increasing the success of therapy, decreasing unnecessary use of antibacterial
agents and side-effects, and lowers the overall healthcare costs.We have designed and evaluated a rapid
antibacterial susceptibility medium which is based on a rapid colorimetric medium that
indicates growth by changing its color. In this study, we have
assessed antibacterial susceptibility patterns of non-fermentative bacteria and
Enterobacteriaceae isolated from clinical samples by rapid colorimetric medium according to standard CLSI method. Colorimetric medium proved to be
a reliable rapid test for determining antibacterial susceptibility testing,
between two methods total agreement was 92.93% for Entrobacteriacea and 90.46%
for non-fermentative bacteria. Major discrepancy was 3.28 % for
non-fermentative bacteria and 3.52% for Enterobacreiacea. Colorimetric medium
makes results available between 6-8 hours. It can be considered as a novel and
reliable quick method for the assessing of bacterial susceptibility to
antibiotics.
