Research Paper
Microbiology
fatemeh alinejad; Gholam Khodakaramian
Abstract
Introduction: The majority of antibiotics that are used today are produced by actinomycetes, especially the genus of Streptomyces. Because of the high potential of Streptomyces species to produce antimicrobial compounds, these bacteria are still an interesting source for identifying new antimicrobial ...
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Introduction: The majority of antibiotics that are used today are produced by actinomycetes, especially the genus of Streptomyces. Because of the high potential of Streptomyces species to produce antimicrobial compounds, these bacteria are still an interesting source for identifying new antimicrobial compounds. Due to the influence of environmental micro factors on microbial communities and their gene expression, including the synthesis of secondary and antimicrobial compounds, it is valuable to isolate Streptomyces from unique environments for identifying new compounds. The rhizosphere of wild traditional medicinal plants appears to be a promising environment for the isolation and identification of Streptomyces, as well as the discovery of new compounds... In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces isolates collected from the rhizosphere of native medicinal plants in Hamedan province against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Different isolates of Streptomyces were collected from the rhizosphere of medicinal plants in the Averzaman region in Hamedan province, and their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was investigated using bioassay tests. Metabolomics analysis of the extracts obtained from the liquid culture of the active isolates was performed using ESI-MS to identify active compounds corresponding to the observed bioactivities. Results and Discussion: Based on bioassay tests, the Streptomyces sp. 3Z isolated from the rhizosphere of Mentha longifolia exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Metabolomics analysis of the active fraction of the crude extract of this isolate confirmed the production of Streptothricin D by this isolate.
Research Paper
animal
parvin shawrang; maryam sadeghi; Mehdi Behgar; hamed majidi zahed
Abstract
Introduction: The protein quality of honey bee diet affects the growth and performance of the colony. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of gamma irradiated pollen nutrition on bee colony performance. Methods: 32 bee hives were grouped for 4 treatments and 8 repetitions. ...
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Introduction: The protein quality of honey bee diet affects the growth and performance of the colony. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of gamma irradiated pollen nutrition on bee colony performance. Methods: 32 bee hives were grouped for 4 treatments and 8 repetitions. The experimental treatments were 1- diet without pollen, 2- diet containing raw pollen, 3- diet containing gamma irradiated pollen, 4- diet containing Microfeed protein supplement. Functional characteristics of the colony include the extent of queen spawning, the number of population frames, the weight and body composition of nurse bees, the level of malondialdehyde and the antioxidant capacity of the body, hygienic behavior, the level of Nosema parasite contamination, The microbial population of the digestive tract, the growth of acini glands, Vitellogenin gene expression, diet digestibility were determined.The data were analyzed in the form of a completely randomized design. Result: the use of gamma irradiated bee pollen by increasing the digestibility and removing parasitic contamination caused an increase in colony performance, health behavior and health of the digestive tract, increased vitellogenin gene expression, and increased bee body weight at the time of birth. Discussion: The use of gamma irradiated pollen plays an important role in controlling the parasitic infection of the hive and increasing its performance.
Research Paper
Herbal
Seyedeh Fatemeh Fallah; Farshid Ghaderi-Far; Masoud Golalipour; Hamidreza Sadeghi poor
Abstract
Introduction: Long-term storage of seeds under unfavorable conditions leads to their deterioration associated with decreased germination. Several studies have shown increased lipolysis in deteriorating seeds, but little is known about the role of protease activity during deterioration. In the present ...
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Introduction: Long-term storage of seeds under unfavorable conditions leads to their deterioration associated with decreased germination. Several studies have shown increased lipolysis in deteriorating seeds, but little is known about the role of protease activity during deterioration. In the present study, the effect of the controlled deterioration (CD) on the mobilization of storage proteins and the effects of pretreatment with protease inhibitor (PMSF) on the germination percentage of walnut kernels after CD were investigated. Materials and methods: Kernels were adjusted to 15% and 20% MC with water (control) or PMSF solution and then incubated for 3 and 6 days at 45°C for CD. Results: CD increased soluble proteins, solubility of 19-24 kDa glutelins, increased activity of a 80 kDa protease, accumulation of total amino acid, proline and increased protein carbonylation. Although aging-dependent decrease of germination was similar in both control and PMSF pretreatment, the aged kernels in PMSF pretreatment had lower proline, amino acid and carbonyl groups contents compared to the control. Discussion: These results suggest that CD causes increased solubility of protein reserves, but the inhibition of serine protease(s), unlike lipase, has no effect on improving the adverse physiological effects of CD including germination loss, and only at the biochemical level, it partially improved kernel response to stress. Identification of different metabolic pathways operating during CD of kernels can draw a picture of deterioration mechanism and also leads to introducing protocols for the quality and viability maintenance of kernels during storage.
Research Paper
Herbal
Roya Karamian; Mohammad Saeid Pazirandeh
Abstract
Introduction: Water deficit is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduces crop productivity. Biotic and abiotic elicitors such as nanoparticles and mycorrhyzal fungi are the useful sterategies to reduce the harmful effects of drough stress in crops. Methods: In order to investigate the effects ...
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Introduction: Water deficit is one of the most important abiotic stresses that reduces crop productivity. Biotic and abiotic elicitors such as nanoparticles and mycorrhyzal fungi are the useful sterategies to reduce the harmful effects of drough stress in crops. Methods: In order to investigate the effects of selenium nanoparticles and the mycorrhizal fungus Piriformospora indica on drought tolerance in two selected barley genotypes (Yousef as the tolerant genotype and Morocco as the sensitive genotype) during the vegetative stage, a greenhouse experiment was conducted in a factorial design within completely randomized blocks with three replicates per sample. The emphasis was on evaluating several growth-related traits and antioxidant indices. Experimental treatments were designed with three irrigation levels (70%, 30%, and 10% of field capacity), three levels of selenium nanoparticles (0, 3, and 6 mg/l), and two levels of fungal treatment (inoculated and non-inoculated). Results: Drought stress led to a reduction in growth-related traits in both genotypes, especially in the sensitive genotype, and a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents. Selenium nanoparticles especialy at 6 mg/l concentration and Piriformospora indica inoculation caused increase in growth indices and antioxidant enzmes activities, but decrease in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde contents.Conclusion: Drought stress increased the content of malondialdehyde as a product of peroxidation of membrane lipids, especially in the sensitive genotype, by increasing oxygen free radicals. The application of selenium nanoparticles, and the inoculation of Piriformospora indica resulted in improved growth and antioxidant traits in the studied genotypes under drought stress.
Research Paper
Herbal
Zeinab Moradzadeh; Somayeh Rastegar; Alireza Yavari
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antifungal effects of two essential oils of Zataria multiflora and Salvia mirzayanii with two methods of smoking and mixed culture (mixing essential oil with culture medium) in controlling Aspergillus niger fungus in laboratory conditions.Methods: ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antifungal effects of two essential oils of Zataria multiflora and Salvia mirzayanii with two methods of smoking and mixed culture (mixing essential oil with culture medium) in controlling Aspergillus niger fungus in laboratory conditions.Methods: In this research, during two separate experiments, the effect of different chemotypes of Zataria multiflora essential oil with concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 microliters per liter and Salvia mirzayanii with concentrations of 100, 200, 400 microliters per liter, on growth control Aspergillus fungi were evaluated by two cultivation methods (smoked and mixed) in laboratory conditions.Result and discussions: Based on the results of the first experiment, in the investigation of preventing the growth of AJspergillus fungus, the Isfahan Nasrabad chemotype was placed in one statistical group, the Bushehr and Tashk Fars chemotypes were in one statistical group, and the other chemotypes were in another statistical group. No significant difference was observed between different mushroom cultivation methods. By increasing the concentration of essential oil, its effect in preventing halo growth increased. In the second experiment, at a concentration of 400 microliters per liter, the greatest effect of bitter gourd essential oil in preventing the growth of Aspergillus fungus was observed in Hormozgan Bastak chemotype, which showed a significant difference compared to other gourd chemotypes. In this experiment, no significant difference was observed between the two mushroom cultivation methods.
Research Paper
Neda ShahAbbasi; Sara Ghaffarian
Abstract
Introduction: Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) is a key mechanism in DNA repair, and the ERCC5 gene, is one of the key components of this pathway, which encodes a special endonuclease with 1168 amino acids. In this research we studied the association of rs920778 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism ...
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Introduction: Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) is a key mechanism in DNA repair, and the ERCC5 gene, is one of the key components of this pathway, which encodes a special endonuclease with 1168 amino acids. In this research we studied the association of rs920778 C>T single nucleotide polymorphism of ERCC5 gene with the risk of breast cancer in northwest Iran.Material and methods: In this case-control study, the association of ERCC5 (rs920778 C>T) gene polymorphism with breast cancer susceptibility was studied in a statistical population consisting of 100 patients and 100 healthy controls by Tetra-ARMS PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using javastat online statistics package and SPSS V.26.Results: In the case group, the frequency of CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 26.43%, 44.83%, and 28.73%, respectively and they were 24.44%, 15.55%, and 60% for the control group. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between TT genotype (p-value=0.000) (OR=0.269, CI 95%=0.144-0.503) and CT genotype (p-value=0.000) (OR=4.411, CI 95%=2.169-8.967) with breast cancer risk. Also, C and T allele frequency in case group, was 48.85% and 51.14% and them in the control group were 32.22% and 67.77% respectively. There was a significant association between T (p-value=0.001) and C (p-value=0.001) allele frequency and breast cancer risk in Northwestern Iran. There was no significant association between this SNP frequency and patient’s pathological traits.Conclution: These findings suggest that this SNP may contribute to the susceptibility of breast cancer in northwestern Iran.
Research Paper
Herbal
Kaveh Naseri; Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari; Zeinab Avarseji; Hussein Saburi
Abstract
Allelopathic materials enter to the environment by plants through different ways. This compounds cause an important ecological processes in other plants. The purpose of this experiment, evaluation of the allelopathic potential of stem and flower organs of Orobanche aegyptiaca weed and a mixture of them ...
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Allelopathic materials enter to the environment by plants through different ways. This compounds cause an important ecological processes in other plants. The purpose of this experiment, evaluation of the allelopathic potential of stem and flower organs of Orobanche aegyptiaca weed and a mixture of them on morpho- physiological and biochemical characteristics of Lycopersicon esculentum. For this experiment, a 5% suspension of these organs and their mixtures on Lycopersicon esculentum seedlings were applied in hydroponic culture. According to the results, studied characteristics of Lycopersicon esculentum under aqueous extract of stem and flower of Orobanche aegyptiaca and mixture of them demonstrated different behavior compared with the control. Most decreasing effect on root length, leaf area, seedling dry weight, content of total chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments of Lycopersicon esculentum were observed in the flower organ of Orobanche aegyptiaca. Amount of damage to protein and starch were decreased with an increase of total phenol in Lycopersicon esculentum under aqueous extract of various treatments of Orobanche aegyptiaca especially flower.
Research Paper
biochemistry
Zahra Khosravi-amin; Eisa Kohan-Baghkheirati; mitra Kheirabadi
Abstract
Introduction: HTLV-1 virus is the first human retrovirus discovered for which there is currently no definitive treatment or vaccine. Antiretroviral treatment disrupts the life cycle of the virus and reduces the rate of infection but does not eliminate viral reservoirs. Due to the success of HIV-1 protease ...
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Introduction: HTLV-1 virus is the first human retrovirus discovered for which there is currently no definitive treatment or vaccine. Antiretroviral treatment disrupts the life cycle of the virus and reduces the rate of infection but does not eliminate viral reservoirs. Due to the success of HIV-1 protease inhibitors in inhibiting the virus, HTLV-1 protease is also known to be an important target for disrupting the function of the virus. Materials and methods: First, a database of plants effective in inhibiting the protease of 1-HTLV and 1-HIV viruses was prepared by data mining method. To identify key metabolites, plant-metabolite binary network was drawn with cytoscape software. Subsequently, the network was analyzed with network analyzer and cytohubba applicants. Results and discussion: 990 plants containing 20046 metabolites were identified by data mining method. Network analysis using 8 different parameters led to the identification and introduction of 77 potential metabolites effective in inhibiting HTLV1 virus protease. The results showed that these compounds are derivatives of caffeic acid, quercetin and gibberellin, etc. and can be potential compounds to inhibit viral proteases. The results of the present study introduced several plant metabolites which can be used for the design of plant-based medicines effective in controlling and fighting HTLV1 viral infections.
