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Morphological adaptation pattern of Cyprinion macrostomum in the Little Zab River in spring, summer, and autumn

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student in Fisheries Aquatic Ecology, Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Iran

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the morphological changes of Cyprinion macrostomum in the spring, summer, and autumn and their relationship with the environmental factors in the Little Zab River. For this purpose, sampling was done seasonally in 6 stations with 3 repetitions. Then, to extract morphological data in the geometric morphometric method, photographs were taken of the samples and 16 landmark points were defined and digitized. Procrust analysis was used to remove non-morphic data from the landmark data. To find the pattern of shape changes and main effective factors, principal component analysis (PCA) was used. Canonical Variates Analysis and 2B-PLS analysis were used to determine the morphological distinction between the populations of sampling stations and to analyze the relationship and correlation between body shape changes and environmental variables, respectively. Based on the results, the morphological characteristics of C. macrostomum of the studied populations in different stations were different in each season. The results of PCA showed changes in the position of the mouth, dorsal fin and caudal peduncle occur in most seasons due to morphological adaptation to the environmental factors of their habitat. 2B-PLS analysis also showed a high correlation and significant difference between body shape and environmental factors in all three seasons (P=0.001, r=0.98). The results also showed a high and significant correlation between the morphological changes of C. macrostomum and the habitat factors of Little Zab River.

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Applied Biology
Volume 38, Issue 1 - Serial Number 83
February 2025
Pages 35-45
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