parvin shawrang; fateme abbasi; Fatame Tahoori; hamed askari
Abstract
Introduction:This study was done to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on lethal dose 50% (LD50) of honey bee venom. Methods:Venom samples were irradiated at doses of 0,2,4,6 and 8 kGy . Malondialdehyde level and true protein concentration were determined pre- and post-irradiation. Protein ...
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Introduction:This study was done to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on lethal dose 50% (LD50) of honey bee venom. Methods:Venom samples were irradiated at doses of 0,2,4,6 and 8 kGy . Malondialdehyde level and true protein concentration were determined pre- and post-irradiation. Protein subunits of venom was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allergen compounds were measured using HPLC technique. Lethal dose 50% (LD50) was determined using in vivo trial. Eighty hamsters were allocated to 5 treatments and 4 replicates in a CRD design. Venom solution at dose of 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 2 mg/Kg BW were injected intra peritoneal and mortality recorded then LD50 was computed by Spearman–Karber method. In the final of study, hamsters liver samples collected and fixed in 10% formalin. Liver samples were sliced, fixed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Data were analyzed by SAS Software. Result: The results showed that true protein content and malondialdehyde level in irradiated samples had no differ with the control group (P>0.05). Electrophoresis patterns and HPLC results showed that irradiation at doses of 4 and 6 kGy decreased phospholipase amount and increase the low subunits of protein (P<0.05). Irradiation at doses of 6 and 8 kGy increased LD50 by 34%. Based on the histology results, irradiation of honey bee venom at dose of 4 and 6 kGy could decrease the inflammation of hepatocytes and vein hyperemia in liver. Discussion: Irradiation at dose of 6 kGy by removing allergens can be used to reduce the toxicity of bee venom.
Mohammad Sodagar; Saiedeh Kivanlou
Abstract
Cryopreservation of fish embryos requires an optimal concentration of cryoprotectants inside all embryo compartments.In order to study the effects of cryoprotectants toxicity, two Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) embryons (24 and 48 h after fertilization) were investigated using Methanol (MeOH), ...
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Cryopreservation of fish embryos requires an optimal concentration of cryoprotectants inside all embryo compartments.In order to study the effects of cryoprotectants toxicity, two Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) embryons (24 and 48 h after fertilization) were investigated using Methanol (MeOH), Ethylen glycol (EG) and 1,2- propandiol (PROH) (1 to 6 M), sucrose and honey (10,15 and 20%) and polyvinyl pyrolidon (PVP) (5, 10 and 15 %). Embryos were exposed using these cryoprotectants for 5 and 10 min. Embryos were then washed and incubated until hatching. EG was found to be the most toxic cryoprotectant. Persian sturgeon embryos tolerated MeOH better than EG compared to MeOH and EG, 1,2- propandiol gave the highest hatching rate and Persian sturgeon showed lower sensitivity in two embryonic development stage (24 and 48 h after fertilization). The hatching rate decreased with increasing concentration and exposure time in all treatments except sucrose and honey. Reduced hatching rate may be a result of osmotic shock, ionic imbalance or consequence of cryoprotectants toxicity. Finally with the progress of embryonic development among various cryoprotectants, sensitivity decreased in 1,2- propandiol and polyvinyl pyrolidon compared to MeOH, EG, sucrose and honey.
