animal
parvin shawrang; maryam sadeghi; Mehdi Behgar; hamed majidi zahed
Abstract
Introduction: The protein quality of honey bee diet affects the growth and performance of the colony. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of gamma irradiated pollen nutrition on bee colony performance. Methods: 32 bee hives were grouped for 4 treatments and 8 repetitions. ...
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Introduction: The protein quality of honey bee diet affects the growth and performance of the colony. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the effects of gamma irradiated pollen nutrition on bee colony performance. Methods: 32 bee hives were grouped for 4 treatments and 8 repetitions. The experimental treatments were 1- diet without pollen, 2- diet containing raw pollen, 3- diet containing gamma irradiated pollen, 4- diet containing Microfeed protein supplement. Functional characteristics of the colony include the extent of queen spawning, the number of population frames, the weight and body composition of nurse bees, the level of malondialdehyde and the antioxidant capacity of the body, hygienic behavior, the level of Nosema parasite contamination, The microbial population of the digestive tract, the growth of acini glands, Vitellogenin gene expression, diet digestibility were determined.The data were analyzed in the form of a completely randomized design. Result: the use of gamma irradiated bee pollen by increasing the digestibility and removing parasitic contamination caused an increase in colony performance, health behavior and health of the digestive tract, increased vitellogenin gene expression, and increased bee body weight at the time of birth. Discussion: The use of gamma irradiated pollen plays an important role in controlling the parasitic infection of the hive and increasing its performance.
parvin shawrang; fateme abbasi; Fatame Tahoori; hamed askari
Abstract
Introduction:This study was done to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on lethal dose 50% (LD50) of honey bee venom. Methods:Venom samples were irradiated at doses of 0,2,4,6 and 8 kGy . Malondialdehyde level and true protein concentration were determined pre- and post-irradiation. Protein ...
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Introduction:This study was done to investigate the effects of gamma irradiation on lethal dose 50% (LD50) of honey bee venom. Methods:Venom samples were irradiated at doses of 0,2,4,6 and 8 kGy . Malondialdehyde level and true protein concentration were determined pre- and post-irradiation. Protein subunits of venom was detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Allergen compounds were measured using HPLC technique. Lethal dose 50% (LD50) was determined using in vivo trial. Eighty hamsters were allocated to 5 treatments and 4 replicates in a CRD design. Venom solution at dose of 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 2 mg/Kg BW were injected intra peritoneal and mortality recorded then LD50 was computed by Spearman–Karber method. In the final of study, hamsters liver samples collected and fixed in 10% formalin. Liver samples were sliced, fixed and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. Data were analyzed by SAS Software. Result: The results showed that true protein content and malondialdehyde level in irradiated samples had no differ with the control group (P>0.05). Electrophoresis patterns and HPLC results showed that irradiation at doses of 4 and 6 kGy decreased phospholipase amount and increase the low subunits of protein (P<0.05). Irradiation at doses of 6 and 8 kGy increased LD50 by 34%. Based on the histology results, irradiation of honey bee venom at dose of 4 and 6 kGy could decrease the inflammation of hepatocytes and vein hyperemia in liver. Discussion: Irradiation at dose of 6 kGy by removing allergens can be used to reduce the toxicity of bee venom.
Microbiology
mehdi behgar; parvin Shawrang; farahnaz Motamedi Sedeh; samira shahbazi
Abstract
This study investigated tannase production by Trichoderma viride (Tv), Trichoderma harzianum (Th), Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Tl) and Trichoderma ressei (Tr) in the medium containing tannin as sole carbon and energy source. Morphologic characteristic of Trichoderma species (T) were determined in culture ...
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This study investigated tannase production by Trichoderma viride (Tv), Trichoderma harzianum (Th), Trichoderma longibrachiatum (Tl) and Trichoderma ressei (Tr) in the medium containing tannin as sole carbon and energy source. Morphologic characteristic of Trichoderma species (T) were determined in culture containing malt-yeast-glucose. Trichoderma species were cultured in Trichoderma fermentation medium (TFM) which contained 1% Tanic acid. The weights of proteins produced by T in TFM were determined by SDS PAGE. Trichoderma colonies were flat, and then gradually showed white unsmooth appearance and finally turned to green. The largest and smallest spores were belonged to Tl and Tr, respectively. The highest and lowest spore numbers in MYG were belonged Th (5.48 × 106) and Tv (12.26 × 106), respectively. The largest growth rate of mycelium was observed in Tl and the lowest in Tr (1.25 and 0.45 cm/d, respectively). The level of protein produced in TFM by Tr was lower (P<0.05) than the other species. The tannase production and its specific activity were similar across species. The enzyme specific activity in Tl was significantly more (P<0.05) than Tv (1.33 and 0.68 ul/mg protein). The molecular weight of the produced tannase was 131 kDa with two subunits weighing approximately 62 and 69 kDa. The results showed that Trichoderma species have the ability to grow and produce tannase in the medium containing tannin as the sole carbon and energy source.
