biochemistry
Saeed Mollaei; Hadiseh Abbasi Holasu; Behvar Asghari; Mostafa Ebadi; Hossein Hashempour
Abstract
Introduction: Phenolic acids are secondary metabolites which have many biological activates, which are found at different organs of plants and have an important role in human health. Methods: In this study, the extraction from different organs of Nepeta macrosiphon was done using ethanol 80% as solvent, ...
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Introduction: Phenolic acids are secondary metabolites which have many biological activates, which are found at different organs of plants and have an important role in human health. Methods: In this study, the extraction from different organs of Nepeta macrosiphon was done using ethanol 80% as solvent, and divided into free and esterified phenolic acids. Then, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity and inhibition of alpha-glucosidase enzyme of the extracts and their fractions were evaluated by using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, DPPH and spectrophotometric methods, and finally their compounds were analyzed by HPLC. Results: The results indicated that the ethanolic extract of flower had the highest total phenolic and flavonoid, respectively. Also, this extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. Moreover, the flower extract had a greater ability to inhibit the alpha-glucosidase enzyme. The results of phenolic acids analysis showed that among the studied organs, flower had the highest amount of phenolic acids, and rosmarinic acid and para-coumaric acid were the main free phenolic acid, respectively, and caffeic acid was the main compound in the flower extract of esterified phenolic acids. Also, the flower extract containing free phenolic acids had the highest antioxidant activity and inhibition of alpha-glucosidase enzyme in comparison with the extracts containing esterified phenolic acids and other organs. Conclusion: Based on the results, the flower have the highest phenolic compounds, including rosmarinic, para-coumaric, and caffeic acids and due to its high antioxidant potential and inhibition of alpha-glucosidase enzyme, it can be used in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Saeed Mollaei; Mahnaz Eslami; Mostafa Ebadi
Abstract
Despite a long history of medicinal use of Lepdium vesicarium, the phenolic compounds and biological activity studies have not been performed on different organs of the plant. So, after obtaining methanolic extract of the different organs (root, leave, stem, branch, and seed), the total phenolic and ...
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Despite a long history of medicinal use of Lepdium vesicarium, the phenolic compounds and biological activity studies have not been performed on different organs of the plant. So, after obtaining methanolic extract of the different organs (root, leave, stem, branch, and seed), the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were assayed by spectrophotometric methods, and antioxidant and cytotoxic properties were evaluated by DPPH and MTT methods, respectively, and then free and esterified phenolic acids were analyzed by HPLC. According to the results, the methanolic extracts of seed and leaf had the highest total phenolic content, and the maximum flavonoid content was related to the stem and seed extracts. The investigation of antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells showed that the highest antioxidant activity was related to the methanolic extract of seed, and the extracts of stem and seed had the highest cytotoxic activity. The results of phenolic acids analysis indicated that caffeic acid with the amounts of 1.44±0.16 and 1.11±0.09 mg/g dry weight was the main free phenolic acids in the leaf and branch extracts, respectively. Also, salycilic acid and m-coumaric acid with the amounts of 0.98±0.07 and 0.95±0.07 mg/g dry weight were the predominant esterified phenolic acid in the root and branch extracts, respectively. Therefore, based on the results, the seeds have the highest phenolic compounds, including caffeic, ferulic and gallic acids and due to its high antioxidant potential and cytotoxicity, it can be used in the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Saeed Mollaei; Mostafa Ebadi
Abstract
Bracket fungi are the most important macroscopic fungi that play a main role in the ecosystem. In this study, the morphological characters of Cerrena unicolor were evaluated and then, the effect of different solvents (n-Hexan, Dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate, and Methanol) on the extraction of phenolic ...
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Bracket fungi are the most important macroscopic fungi that play a main role in the ecosystem. In this study, the morphological characters of Cerrena unicolor were evaluated and then, the effect of different solvents (n-Hexan, Dichloromethane, Ethyl acetate, and Methanol) on the extraction of phenolic compounds, antioxidant properties, and cytotoxic activities of the extracts were investigated. Total phenol and flavonoid content, phenolic acid analysis, antioxidant properties, and cytotoxic activities on MCF-7 cells were evaluated by spectrophotometry, HPLC, DPPH, and MTT methods, respectively. The obtained results showed the basidiocarp was semicircular and wavy, and the upper surface was covered with small white to grayish brown hairs. Basidia were 25 µm in length, calvate and including 4 sterigmata with ellipsoid basidiospores. The results also indicated that the Methanolic extract had the highest total phenol and flavonoid contents compared with other extracts. Moreover,Benzoic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Gallic acid, and Cinnamic acid were the main phenolic acids of the Methanolic and Ethyl acetate extracts. In addition, the Methanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activity in inhibiting DPPH radicals, while the Methanolic and Ethyl acetate extracts indicated the highest cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells. Therefore the Methanolic extract due to phenolic compounds could be proposed as a new sourceofnatural antioxidants with cytotoxic activity.
