Zahra Zakimola; Maneezheh Pakravan; Nasrin Farasat
Abstract
The genus Calendula L. belongs to Asteraceae family and Calenduleae tribe. The main centers of it are Mediterranean area, middle east and central Europe and then it distributed to other regions. Here we study some species of Calendula species palynologicaly. The pollen grains separated from herbarium ...
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The genus Calendula L. belongs to Asteraceae family and Calenduleae tribe. The main centers of it are Mediterranean area, middle east and central Europe and then it distributed to other regions. Here we study some species of Calendula species palynologicaly. The pollen grains separated from herbarium specimens and have investigated by light microscope and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen was trizonocolporate and tetra zonocolporate and based on P/E ratio in equatorial view the shapes were different. Also the sculpturing was echinate. The pollen characters were analyzed by using multi variate statistical analysis and the species relationships were evaluated by using cluster analysis and PCA diagram. Moreover the most variable characters by factor analysis were determined and use to separate species. Then we showed that some characters such as pollen shape, length of polar axis, length of colpus, distance between spines, pore diameter and diameter of spine base could useful for distinguishing the species.
Nasrin Farasat; Manizheh Pakravan; Akhtar Tavassoli
Abstract
In this work 47quantitative and qualitative anatomical characters of the flag leaves of two subspecies H. murinum L. ssp.glacum Steudel (Tzvelev)and -ssp. leporinum Link (Arcangell) were studied, characters such as location of the macro hairs and silica cells, shape of the short cells and ...
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In this work 47quantitative and qualitative anatomical characters of the flag leaves of two subspecies H. murinum L. ssp.glacum Steudel (Tzvelev)and -ssp. leporinum Link (Arcangell) were studied, characters such as location of the macro hairs and silica cells, shape of the short cells and bulliform and venation type were distinct among the two subspecies. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in 17 quantitative characters such as the number and width of long cells, number, length and width of short cells and stomata. The results of PCA (Principle Component Analysis) showed that the first component indicate %72 of total variation. The number of long cells and number of prickle cells in coastal zone showed the most correlation. H. murinum ssp. glaucum had chromosom number2n=14 and –ssp leporinum had 2n=28 chromosomes. Results showed that polyploidy levels related to characters such as: number and width of long cells, number, length and width of short cells, number and width of long cells, number, length, width and number of rows of stomata cells, number of macro hairs, width of bulliform cells, number of outer bundle sheath cells in small vascular bundle.
