maneezheh pakravan; roughayeh Zarei; Zahra Khalaj
Abstract
The genus Consolida(DC.) S. F. GRAY of Gray is a member of Ranuculaceae family, Delphinieae tribe.. It comprises approximately 52 species which almost all of them are weed and includes the members of the genus Aconitella Spach. The genus distributed in Iran with 24 species, Iran is thus one ...
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The genus Consolida(DC.) S. F. GRAY of Gray is a member of Ranuculaceae family, Delphinieae tribe.. It comprises approximately 52 species which almost all of them are weed and includes the members of the genus Aconitella Spach. The genus distributed in Iran with 24 species, Iran is thus one of the richest countries for the genus in South-West Asia. Consolida has separated from Delphinium by De Candolle based on single-spurred petals , one follicle and annual life cycle and has occurred in separate section. Finally it introduced as a separate genus by Gray in 1821. In this study the petiole anatomy of 16 species of the genus Consolida have investigated. Three population from each species have examined. After pre-treatment of the material , hand sections prepared and Carmen and methyl green solution used for staining the materials. Olympus light microscope used for study and photography. Our results showed that the presence of : angle, collenchymas layer below the epidermis, the number of vascular bundles LB, vascular sheath type, mechanical tissue between the vascular bundles and type of vascular bundles and indumentums of petiole are diagnostic characters for distinguishing the species. Based on anatomical results the species of two subgenera (Consolida and Aconitella) have separated and this confirmed the results of molecular systematic study of the genus.
Zahra Zakimola; Maneezheh Pakravan; Nasrin Farasat
Abstract
The genus Calendula L. belongs to Asteraceae family and Calenduleae tribe. The main centers of it are Mediterranean area, middle east and central Europe and then it distributed to other regions. Here we study some species of Calendula species palynologicaly. The pollen grains separated from herbarium ...
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The genus Calendula L. belongs to Asteraceae family and Calenduleae tribe. The main centers of it are Mediterranean area, middle east and central Europe and then it distributed to other regions. Here we study some species of Calendula species palynologicaly. The pollen grains separated from herbarium specimens and have investigated by light microscope and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pollen was trizonocolporate and tetra zonocolporate and based on P/E ratio in equatorial view the shapes were different. Also the sculpturing was echinate. The pollen characters were analyzed by using multi variate statistical analysis and the species relationships were evaluated by using cluster analysis and PCA diagram. Moreover the most variable characters by factor analysis were determined and use to separate species. Then we showed that some characters such as pollen shape, length of polar axis, length of colpus, distance between spines, pore diameter and diameter of spine base could useful for distinguishing the species.
